野生抗病茄植株腐解物对茄子黄萎病菌的化感作用研究

研究野生抗病茄植株腐解物对茄子黄萎病菌(Verticillium dahliae)的化感作用,探讨野生茄子的化感作用利用途径。采用生长速率法和悬滴法,测试了托鲁巴姆(Solanum torvum)、刺茄(Solanum surattense,CRP)、赤茄(Solanum integriflium)、刚果茄(Solanum sisymbriiflium)4种野生抗病茄(以下分别简称TL、CI、CH和GG)的根、茎、叶腐解物及叶片浸提物的乙醇提取液对茄子黄萎病菌菌丝生长和孢子萌发的影响。结果表明:供试腐解物提取液对茄子黄萎病菌均具有一定的化感抑制作用。腐解物对菌丝生长的化感抑制作用为叶>根>茎,而对孢子萌发的化感抑制作用叶>茎>根。其中,各试材叶腐解物对菌丝生长的化感作用为GG>TL>CI>CH,对孢子萌发的化感作用为GG>CI>CH>TL。各试材叶片浸提物对菌丝生长的化感作用为TL>CH>CI>GG,这与腐解物的化感作用并不一致。4种常用作嫁接砧木的野生抗病茄叶片腐解物对茄子黄萎病菌均具有较好的抑制作用,可以用于田间防病试验。土壤微生物与植物试材的相互作用是腐解物表现化感抑菌作用的原因之一。

Allelopathic Effects of Wild Anti-disease Eggplant Decomposing Products on Verticillium Wilt (Verticillium dahliae)

The allelopathy of plant decomposing products of anti-disease grafted eggplant on Verticillium dahliae of eggplant was studied.The using paths of allelopathy of wild eggplant were discussed.Four wild eggplant varieties with anti-disease character,Solanum torvum,Solanum surattense(CRP),Solanum integriflium and Solanum sisymbriiflium,were used to investigate the effects of extracts of decomposed roots,stems and leaves,and the effects of extracts of leaves on Verticillium dahliae mycelium growth and conidium germination by growing rate method and pendant-drop method.Results showed that the extract of the decomposed eggplants in ethanol had allelopathic inhibiting effect on Verticillium dahliae.The allelopathic effects of different decomposing products to mycelium growth were leaves>roots>stems,and to conidium germination were leaves>stems>roots.We surmised that allelopathic substances which inhibit mycelium growth and conidium germination were not the same.The allelopathic effects of decomposing products of leaves to mycelium growth were Solanum sisymbriiflium>Solanum torvum>Solanum surattense>Solanum integriflium,and to conidium germination were Solanum sisymbriiflium >Solanum surattense >Solanum integriflium >Solanum torvum.The allelopathic inhibiting effects of soak extracts of leaves to mycelium growth were found with an inhibitive discrepancy of Solanum torvum>Solanum integriflium>Solanum surattense>Solanum sisymbriiflium.Decomposing products of leaves of the four wild anti-disease eggplants being rootstocks in common used for grafting all had better inhibiting effects for Verticillium dahliae of eggplant,which could be used for the field trail.The allelopathy effect of decomposing products may results in the cooperation of plants and edaphon.