木质纤维素的降解和五种酶的活性对香菇子实体形成的影响

本文从生化角度研究了F型(形成子实体)和N型(不形成子实体)两类香菇菌株在生长发育过程中生化代谢活动上的差异。结果表明,在香菇的整个生长过程中,F型菌株的纤维素酶、半纤维素酶、漆酶、酸性蛋白酶和果胶酶的活性均高于N型菌株,尤其在形成子实体的第二和第三阶段,纤维素酶、半纤维素酶和酸性蛋白酶的活性均呈较大幅度的增加,这种趋势与胞外可溶性蛋白含量的增幅是一致的,同时F型菌株对培养基中木质素、纤维素和半纤维素的降解能力也高于N型菌株,说明在形成子实体的过程中,F型菌株具有比N型菌株相对更强的生化代谢能力;各种与物质降解有关酶的代谢活动在某些环节上受阻或不能有效地表达是N型菌株不能形成子实体的一个重要生理原因。

Effect of the Degradation of Lignocellulose and Activities of 5 Enzymes on the Formation of Fruitbodies of Lentinula edodes

The difference in biochemistry metabolism during the growth of F type (fruiting type) and N type (non-fruiting type) L. edodes was studied. The results showed that the activities of cellulase, hemicellulase, laccase, acid protease and pectase extracted from F type were higher than that extracted from N type in general, and that the activities of cellulase, hemicellulase and acid protease increased by a big margin, which was consistent with the increment range of exocellular soluble protein content, especially at first and second flush stage. The degradation capability of F type to decompose lignocellulose was also higher than that of N type indicating that during the formation of fruitbodies, the biochemical metabolism abilities of F type were mush stronger than that of N type, and that metabolic activities of some enzymes concerned in the degradation of substance were repressed or could not be expressed effectively at some links which was an important physiological factor for non-formation of fruitbodics of N type.