江汉平原后湖地区土壤肥力综合评价方法及其应用

根据模糊数学和多元数理统计分析原理 ,建立了一个定量的土壤肥力综合评价方法 ,并应用于大比例尺样区的土壤肥力综合评价。首先 ,通过野外调查和室内理化分析 ,选取了 9项评价指标 ,包括全 N、全 P、全 K、速效P、速效 K、物理性粘粒、粉粘比、表土层厚、p H;并根据植物效应建立两类隶属度函数 ,分别计算出隶属度值 ;然后 ,利用 AHP法确定各因子的权重 ,根据隶属度值和权重 ,求出各参评指标的分值及评价单元土壤肥力总分值 ;最后 ,利用聚类分析法将样区土壤肥力划分为五级 ,并借助 GIS软件 Map GIS绘制样区的土壤肥力综合评价图。江汉平原后湖地区土壤肥力主要为一、二级 ,一、二、三、四、五级肥力土壤分别占 2 4 .2 5 % ,5 2 .3 4 % ,11.2 0 % ,6.15 % ,6.0 6%。

Study on Comprehensive Evaluation Method of Soil Fertility in Houhu Farm Enterprise of Jianghan Plain

An evaluation method of soil integrated fertility was developed and us ed in the Houhu farm enterprise, with soil fertility being considered as a comp lex of the state of soil nutrients and the capacity to regulate and transform th e materials needed by plants. With systematic principle and the soil data of the Houhu farm enterprise, 9 indexes were divided into two groups representing sep arately states of soil nutrients and environments of nutrients supplying, includ ing content of total N, total P 2O 5, total K 2O, available P 2O 5, availab le K 2O, pH, physical clay, silt-clay ratio and thickness of soil surface lay er ( epipedon). Then two types of membership functions of these indexes, S-type and parabola-type, were developed based on their effects on plants. Their valu es of function were also calculated. Through factor analysis of these values wit h the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), weight values of these indexes were decided. Finally, with Analytical Clustering Process (ACP), soils fertility was divided into 5 classes in this area. With GIS software MAPGIS, the map of soil c omprehen sive fertility in the Houhu farm enterprise area was drawn. The soil f ertility in this region was mainly in 1,2 classes, and area of soils in 1,2,3,4 ,5 classes amounts 24.25%,52.34%,11.20%,6.15% and 6.06% respectively.