城市污泥及其堆肥对盆栽通菜和萝卜产量的影响

采用盆栽试验方法,探讨了不同性质土壤和不同施肥方式对通菜和萝卜作物生长和产量的影响。结果表明,水稻土、赤红壤、石灰性土和褐土上适量施用污泥盆栽作物,可以显著增加通菜的产量。4种土壤相比,施用广州污泥后,以石灰性土上的增产效果最显著,在肥力较差的赤红壤上产量最高。赤红壤施用不同量的广州污泥及其堆肥盆栽萝卜,其地上部产量高低次序为:堆肥1%+化肥>广州污泥1%+化肥>化肥>广州污泥1%>广州污泥2%>堆肥1%>广州污泥4%>空白;地下部的产量高低次序为:堆肥1%+化肥>堆肥1%>化肥>广州污泥1%+化肥>广州污泥1%>广州污泥2%>空白>广州污泥4%。施用堆肥和堆肥+化肥,可改善萝卜品质。污泥施用量过高(达4%)时,会抑制萝卜幼苗的生长和地下部的膨大,且随污泥施用量的增加(1%→2%→4%),萝卜地上部和地下部产量呈降低的趋势。考虑到作物幼苗生长和品质,污泥最适施肥量是干土重1%左右(即20t·hm-2),而不宜达到干土重4%或更高。

Effects of Municipal Sludge Before and After Composting on Yields of Ipomoea Aquatic and Brassica Campestris L

Municipal sludge and its compostin g were applied on different soils to p ot the Ipomoea aquatic and Brassica Campestris L to study the effect of soil characteristic and fertilizer type on the grow th and yield of vegetable.The results showed that sludge applied properly on paddy soil,latosolic re d soil,cinnamon soil and calcareous soil could improve the yield of Ipomoea Aquatic significantly.Compared each other,after applied s ludge,the increase of yield on calcareous soil was the most significant,and the yield was the highest on the latosolic red soil.The shoot yield of Brassica Campestris L grown on the latosolic red soil decre ased in order of compost1%+fertilizer>Guangzhou sludge 1%+fertilizer >fertilizer>Guangzhou sludge 1%>Guangzhou sludge 2%>com post 1%>Guangzhou sludge 4%>control,and th e root yield of that decreased in order of compost 1%+fertilizer>compost1%>fertilizer>Guangzhou sludge 1%+fertilizer>Guangzhou sludge 1%>Guangzhou sludge2%>control>Guangzhou sludge 4%.The quality of Brassica Campestris L could be improved after applied comp ost or compost +fertilizer.However,high level of sludge applied can handle the growth of Brassica Campestris L,and the yield of top and shoot decrea sed with the increasing sludge.