花岗片麻岩低山丘陵区不同植物径流小区水土流失规律研究

以山东省临朐县辛庄试验站多年的观测资料为依据，分析了径流小区内不同林草植被与径流和侵蚀的关系，研究表明，在相同坡度、坡长条件下，4种草本植物的径流小区的汛期径流量、侵蚀量随降雨量的增大而增加，4种草本种植的径流小区的汛期径流量与侵蚀量呈Y=aX＋b线性关系，花生径流小区侵蚀量的增长率分别是自然草地、沙打旺和草木樨径流小区的1．72倍、2．34倍和3．54倍。4年生灌木林地的径流量和侵蚀量明显小于对照荒坡，土壤物理性状、土壤含水量、土壤饱和贮水量和土壤渗透速度以葛藤林地最好，其次是桑树、胡枝子、花椒、李树林地，花生小区最差；分析降雨量、降雨强度对灌木径流小区径流量和侵蚀量的影响，表明不同灌木林的蓄水保土效益以葛藤最好，其次为桑树、胡枝子、花椒、李树。

Research on the Soil Erosion Rules in the Different Plant Run -off Plots on the Granitic Gneiss Low Mountain and Hilly Areas

On the basis of many years' observation materials of Xinzhuang Experimental Station in the Linju County of Shandong Province,the article analyzes the relationship between the different forest-grass vegetation and run-off and erosion in the run-off plots.The result shows that under the conditions of same slope degree and length,the rainy season run-off and erosion amounts of four herb plants are increased followed with the increase of rainfall.The rainy season run-off and erosion amounts of four herb plants in the run-off plots appear Y=aX b linear relationship.The growth rate of erosion amount in the peanut run-off plot is 1.72 times,2.34 times and 3.24 times that of in the nature grassland,Astragalus adsurgens.and sweet clover run-off plots,respectively.The run-off and erosion amounts of four years old shrub land are obviously less than that of the comparative waste land,of which,the Kudzu land enjoys the best advantages of soil physical properties,soil moisture,soil saturated moisture storage and soil infiltration,secondly from the land of mulberry,Lespedeza,Zanthoxylum,plum tree,while the peanut plot is the poorest.The analysis on the impacts of rainfall amount and strength to the run-off and erosion amount,the result shows that among the shrub land,the Kudzu is the best in the benefits on water and soil conservation,and secondly from the land of mulberry,Lespedeza,Zanthoxylum,plum tree,respectively.