多效唑在茄子中的消解动态与急性膳食摄入风险评估

建立了茄子中多效唑残留的分析方法，开展了规范残留试验并监测了多效唑对茄子生长和品质的影响，同时对茄子中多效唑残留带来的急性膳食摄入风险进行了评估。样品经乙酸-乙腈提取，超高效液相色谱-串联质谱（UPLC-MS/MS）检测，外标法定量。结果表明:在0.02~5.0 mg/L范围内多效唑的质量浓度与对应的峰面积间线性关系良好，方法的检出限（LOD）为0.005 mg/kg，在茄子中的定量限（LOQ）为0.02 mg/kg。在0.02、0.10和0.20 mg/kg 3个添加水平下，多效唑在茄子中的回收率为88%~92%，相对标准偏差为5.1%~6.9%。其消解规律符合一级动力学方程，半衰期为1.45 d，正常收获期茄子中的最大残留量为0.02 mg/kg。多效唑可矮化茄子植株，增加产量，提高Vc、可溶性糖和黄酮含量，推荐使用剂量为有效成分12g/hm2，喷施2次。茄子中多效唑残留对中国各类人群的膳食摄入暴露量为0.70~1.9 μg/（kgbw·d），仅占ARfD的0.70%~1.9%，在可接受范围内，说明茄子中多效唑残留带来的膳食摄入风险极低。

Dissipation and acute dietary intake risk assessment of paclobutrazol in Solanum melongena

In order to study the effect of paclobutrazol onSolanum melongena, and investigate the residue behavior and the dietary intake risk of paclobutrazol inSolanum melongena, the residual trial of paclobutrazol inSolanum melongena was carried. A new method was developed to determine the residue of paclobutrazol inSolanum melongena and the influence of paclobutrazol on the yield and quality ofSolanum melongena was detected. The acute risk assessment of paclobutrazol inSolanum melongena to different population was conducted. The samples were extracted with acetic acid-acetonitrile and determined by UPLC-MS/MS. The calibration curve showed good linear relationship in the concentration of 0.02-5.0 mg/L. The limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ)were respectively 0.005 and 0.02 mg/kg. The recoveries ranged from 88% to 92%, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was from 5.1% to 6.9%. The results indicated that the dissipation of paclobutrazol inSolanum melongena fitted to the first order kinetics with the half-live of 1.45 days and the highest residue of paclobutrazol inSolanum melongena was 0.02 mg/kg at the harvest period. The results also demonstrated that the application of paclobutrazol decreased the plant height, and increased the yield and content of vitamin C, soluble sugar and flavonoid. The recommended dosage of paclobutrazol applied toSolanum melongena was 12 a.i. g/hm2 and applied twice. The national estimated short-term intake (NESTI)of paclobutrazol residue inSolanum melongena for different population was 0.70-1.9 μg/kg bw, the percentage of ARfD was 0.07%-1.9%, and both results were within an acceptable limits, which indicated the low risk of paclobutrazol inSolanum melongena.