鸡肾型传染性支气管炎的初步诊断与治疗

【目的】研究河北秦皇岛地区的鸡肾型鸡传染性支气管炎（IB）流行病学、分离鉴定地方代表毒株，为有效防制当地鸡肾型IB及研制具有免疫针对性的疫苗制剂提供参考依据。【方法】通过流行病学调查、临床症状、病理变化观察，取新鲜病死雏鸡肝脏、肾脏组织悬浮液接种10日龄SPF鸡胚尿囊腔，收集鸡胚尿囊液，分别进行琼脂扩散试验、血细胞凝集（HA）试验和动物试验，并对症进行综合治疗。【结果】接种鸡胚出现典型的蜷缩、侏儒等病变，尿囊液琼脂扩散试验结果表现为阳性，经血清学试验及动物试验证实，该分离毒株为鸡传染性支气管炎病毒（IBV），结合病理变化，确诊为鸡肾型IB。经对症治疗5d后，病鸡死亡率由1．0％下降至0．4％，鸡群呼吸道症状减轻，产蛋量回升，治愈率为92．4％。【结论】该起病例为鸡肾型IB，防制该病时应根据毒株性状针对性地选择用药及免疫接种。

Primary diagnosis and therapy tests of nephropathogenic avian infectious bronchitis

[Objective]The present study was conducted to investigate the epidemiology of avian infectious bronchitis （IB） in Qinhuangdao city of Hebei province, and to isolate the local representative strain of IB virus for development of immuo-vaccine. [Method]The epidemiology investigation, clinical manifestations and pathological changes in IB were recorded. The liver and kidney suspension of freshly sampled chicken were inoculated to ten-day SPF chick embryo allantoic cavity and the chicken embryo allantois solution was collected to conduct agar diffuse, haemagglutination （HA） and animal test. The comprehensive therapy was also practiced. [Result]The kidney of inoculated chick showed swelling and was found pale colored. White urate deposition in ureter was observed. The agar diffuse test result of allantois liquid showed positive results, as well as the HA and animal test results revealed that the isolated strain was IB virus. Based on pathological diagnosis, the IB was identified as nephropathgenic IB. The inactivated vaccine was made with isolated strains of nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis viruses. After 5 days of treatment with Hukang, Shenzhishuang, Hushentong and other medicines, the mortality of diseased chicken was recorded from 0.4 to 1.0%, the symptom in respiratory tract of chicken population decreased and the eggs production increased. The curative rate of IB in chicken reached 92.4%. [Conclustion]The results of present study confirmed the disease as nephropathgenic IB. The proper medication and and immunization according to the virus strain can prevent the disease.