罗汉果鲜花粉培养条件研究

【目的】探索罗汉果鲜花粉的适宜培养条件。【方法】以不同浓度的蔗糖和硼酸复配液，在不同pH值和温度条件下，对罗汉果鲜花粉进行不同时间的组织培养，测定萌发率。【结果】罗汉果鲜花粉的适宜培养基为：蔗糖15％＋硼酸200mg／L，pH6．5。该培养基培养的鲜花粉在常温27～32℃下萌发率达77．6％，适合当天授粉使用；在冰壶或冰箱5～8℃下冷藏15d，萌发率仍有52．8％，适用于应对花期不遇和异地调粉。【结论】罗汉果花粉萌发率随培养时间的增加而下降，相对低温可使萌发率的下降显著减慢；硼酸可以促进罗汉果花粉的萌发与花粉管伸长，提高花粉的萌发率；罗汉果鲜花粉不宜在碱性环境中培养。

Optimization of culture conditions for fresh pollens of Siraitia grosvenorii

[Objective]The experiments were conducted to investigate the suitable cuhure conditions for the fresh pollen of Siraitia grosvenorii. [Methods]The combinations of different concentrations of sucrose and boric acid, pH and temperatures were used to culture the fresh pollen of Siraitia grosrenorii in different time, and the germination rate of pollen was determined. [ Results ]The best optimum medium to culture the fresh pollen of Siraitia grosvenodi was found to be the sucrose （15%）＋boric acid （200 mg/L）, pH 6.5. The germination rate of fresh pollen in this medium reached 77.6% on the same day, when cultured at 27-32℃. The same germination rate were recorded when cultured at 5-8℃, which decreased to 52.8% after 15 days of culture. However, it was suitable in case of the asynchronous flowering period and dispatching pollen to different regions. [Conclusion]The germination rate of Siraitia grosvenorii pollen declined with the elongation of culture time. Relative lower temperature could make the germination rate decrease significantly slowly. Boric acid could promote Siraitia grosvenorii pollen germination and pollen tube elongation, and enhanced the pollen germination rate, but Siraitia grosvenorii pollens were unsuitable for culturing in alkaline environment.