广西春大豆品种抗旱性评价及抗旱鉴定指标初步研究

【目的】评定13个广西春大豆品种的抗旱性，为广西春旱地区推广大豆新品种提供依据，并为利用简单高效的形态指标进行大豆抗旱性育种提供理论基础。【方法】采用盆栽干旱胁迫法，利用叶片萎蔫度、抗旱系数、隶属函数值指标对13个大豆品种的抗旱性进行综合评定。【结果】桂春8号、桂春10号、桂春11号叶片萎蔫度综合评定为Ⅰ级；桂春8号、桂春11号、桂春10号、桂春1号抗旱系数均大于0．70，其隶属函数均值也高于0．65。【结论】桂春8号、桂春11号、桂春10号和桂春1号均为高抗旱型品种，可在广西春旱地区推广种植，并可作为抗旱性品种资源应用于抗旱育种；选择与抗旱性密切相关的主要特征性状如单株粒数、单株粒重、单株荚果数、分枝数、株高、底荚高、主茎节数等，利用抗旱系数或隶属函数进行高抗旱型大豆品种选育是可行的。

Identification 0f drought tolerance indices and evaluation of Spring soybean varieties (lines) in Guangxi

[Objective] The objective of this study was to evaluate the drought resistance in 13 Guangxi spring soybean varieties （lines）, to provide a suitable drought tolerant variety in spring drought affected areas of Guangxi, and to make a criteria for drought resistance breeding using simple but highly efficient morphological indices. [Method ] The soil-pot experiment was performed and drought was simulated by withholding the water to evaluate drought resistance in 13 soybean varieties （lines） using indices of degree of leaf wilting, drought coefficient, and average subordinate function values. [Resuit]The varieties, viz., Guichun 8, Guichun 10 and Guichun 11 were evaluated as grade Ⅰ for the degree of leaf wilting. The drought coefficient of four materials were all found to be over 0.7, and the average subordinate function values of them were all found more than 0.65. [Conclusion] The four tested materials were found highly resistant to drought, which may be extended for cultivation in areas of Guangxi suffering from spring droughts, and may also be used as resources for drought resistance breeding. The drought tolerant indices used in our experiment have been found to be the simple and most effi- cient for the evaluation of drought and may be used in further evaluation experiments.