玉米弯孢菌叶斑病发生和防治若干问题研究

对吉林省玉米弯孢菌叶斑病的发生和防治几个问题进行试验研究。结果表明:室内保存1～3年的病叶、当年室外越冬的病叶均具有产孢能力;玉米生育期对弯孢菌侵染概率有明显的影响,生育前期侵染概率高,抗侵染力低,生育后期侵染概率低,抗侵染力强;施用氮肥、磷肥对玉米弯孢菌侵染概率影响不明显,而钾肥能降低侵染概率。对生产中一些玉米品种、自交系进行抗病性鉴定,如吉玉106、CM1、济单7号、吉846、5002表现抗性较好。筛选出对防治弯孢菌叶斑病有效的药剂:甲基托布津防效最高,可达91.59%;其次是炭疽福美、速克灵,防效也分别达88.37%和82.98%;代森锰锌的防效为78.37%。

Study on Some Problems of Maize Curvularia Leaf Spot Caused by Curvularia lunata

Some problems about Curvularia leaf spot of maize were studied in Jilin province.The results showed that the diseased leaves stored for 1-3 years in the room and overwintered outside room in one year both had the ability to produce spores;Growth stage of maize has obvious effect on infection capacity to hosts,maize was higher resistant to the pathogen in early stage and lower resistant in late stage of growth;K fertilizer reduced infection rate,but N and P fertilizer had no significant effect on infection of pathogen;Some cultivars and inbred lines such as Jiyu106,CM1,Jidan No.7,Ji846,5002 were resistant to the disease;Effective chemicals had been selected,among the chemicals,thiophanate-methl is the best,ziram-thiram,and procymidone were better than mancozeb,their control effect are 91.59%,88.37%,82.98% and 78.37% respectively.