鲁东低山丘陵区黑松林适宜造林密度研究

为选出鲁东低山丘陵区黑松林适宜的造林密度，以山东省乳山市海阳所镇杜家岛小流域栽植的9年生4种造林密度的黑松林为研究对象，采用野外调查与室内分析相结合的方法，系统分析了代表不同密度黑松林生态效益的枯落物蓄积量、林下灌草生物量、土壤物理性状、土壤水文效应、土壤侵蚀量、土壤养分状况等指标。结果表明:不同密度黑松林的生态效益各项指标均存在显著差异，其中除枯落物层蓄积量随造林密度的减小而减少，林下灌草植被生物量随造林密度的减小而增加之外，其余各项指标均为密度2 000株/hm²较好，1 660株/hm²的次之，2 500株/hm²和1 110株/hm²的较差。综合生态效益从大到小依次为2 000株/hm² > 1 660株/hm² > 2 500株/hm² > 1 110株/hm²。因此在鲁东低山丘陵营造黑松林时，造林密度1 660～2 000株/hm²为宜。

Study on the Suitable Planting Density of Black Pine Forest in the Low Mountain and Hilly Area of Shandong Province

In order to select the stand density of black pine forest which is suitable for sandstone mountain area,we selected the 4 types of afforestation densities of 9 year old black pine forest which was located in Dujiadao small watershed in Haiyang town,Rushan City in Shandong Province as the research site.Methods of field investigation and laboratory experiment were used to analyze the mass of litter,the biomass of shrub and grass understory of forest,soil physical properties,soil erosion amount,soil hydrology effect,soil nutrient status and so on,and to explore the ecological benefits of black pine forest in different densities.The results showed that there were significant differences in the indexes of black pine forests;in addition to the decrease of litter layer volume with the decrease of planting density,the vegetation coverage and biomass increased with the decrease of planting density,the rest indexes were the density of 2 000 pines/hm2 is the best,followed by the density of 1 660 pines/hm2,and the density of 1 110 pines/hm2 came next;the overall ecological benefits of different types of afforestation densities presented as the sequence:2 000 pines/hm2＞1 660 pines/hm2＞2 500 pines /hm2＞1 110 pines /hm2.So when we plant the black pine in mountain of Shandong,the suitable planting density ranges from 1 500 to 2 500 pines/hm2.