不同灌溉方式对玉米植株生长参数及产量的影响

为了探究不同的节水灌溉方式对玉米植株生长参数及产量的影响,选择在内蒙古通辽市设计低压管灌、膜下滴灌和喷灌这3种节水灌溉方式的试验,并在整个生长期内毛灌溉定额相同的条件下,分别观测在3种灌溉方式下玉米整个生长期内的土壤水分变化及玉米的植株高度、茎粗、叶面积指数、叶绿素含量、生物量、株籽粒重等指标。结果表明:灌溉定额相同时,不同的灌水次数对土壤水分含量有较大影响,进而影响作物的生长发育。不同的节水灌溉方式对玉米植株生长、产量有显著影响:在整个生长期内,玉米生物量膜下滴灌高于喷灌,喷灌高于低压管灌,膜下滴灌高于喷灌46.74%,高于低压管灌98.81%,喷灌高于低压管灌35.49%;膜下滴灌实际产量大于喷灌2.85%,大于低压管灌7.83%,喷灌大于低压管灌4.84%。总体来说,3种灌溉方式中,膜下滴灌最好,喷灌次之,低压管灌最差。

Effects of Different Irrigation Methods on Maize Plant Growth Parameters and Yield

In order to explore the effects of different water saving irrigation methods on maize plant growth parameters and yield,three water-saving irrigation methods of low pressure pipe irrigation,drip irrigation under film and sprinkler irrigation were chosen in Tongliao City of Inner Mongolia.And under the same irrigation quota in the whole growth period,we observed soil moisture change,plant height,stem diameter,leaf area index,chlorophyll content,biomass,plant grain weight of maize and so on in the whole growth period.The results showed as the following.Different irrigation times had great effect on soil moisture content under the same irrigation quota,which affected crop growth.Effects of different water-saving irrigation methods on maize plant growth and yield were also significant.In the whole growth period,maize biomass of drip irrigation under film mulch was higher than that of sprinkler irrigation,that of sprinkler irrigation was higher than that of low pressure pipe irrigation,that of drip irrigation under film mulch was 46.74％ higher than that of sprinkler irrigation and 98.81％ higher than that of low pressure pipe irrigation,that of sprinkler irrigation was 35.49％ higher by than that of low pressure pipe irrigation.The actual production of drip irrigation under film mulch was 2.85％ greater than that of sprinkler irrigation,and 7.83％ greater than that of low pressure pipe irrigation,that of sprinkler irrigation is 4.84％ greater than that of low pressure pipe irrigation.In general,the three irrigation methods,drip irrigation under film was the best,followed by sprinkler irrigation,and the low pressure pipe irrigation came next.