接坝地区9种典型林分类型枯落物层和土壤层水文效应

以八英庄林场9种典型林分类型为研究对象，对其枯落物层、土壤层水文效应进行研究，结果表明:（1）9种典型林分类型枯落物蓄积量在5.79~24.97 t/hm²的范围内，排序为白桦纯林 > 白桦山杨混交林 > 油松纯林 > 山杨纯林 > 蒙古栎纯林 > 落叶松油松混交林 > 白桦黑桦混交林 > 落叶松纯林 > 落叶松白桦混交林。（2）9种典型林分类型枯落物持水能力有一定差异，排序为白桦山杨混交林 > 山杨纯林 > 油松纯林 > 白桦纯林 > 白桦黑桦混交林 > 落叶松油松混交林 > 蒙古栎纯林 > 落叶松白桦混交林 > 落叶松纯林。（3）枯落物持水量与浸水时间呈较好的指数关系，相关系数在0.95以上，吸水速率与浸水时间呈较好的幂函数关系，相关系数大于0.9。（4）白桦山杨混交林枯落物有效拦蓄量最大为52.63 t/hm²，落叶松白桦混交林枯落物有效拦蓄量最小为14 t/hm²。（5）蒙古栎纯林土壤持水能力最强为117.42 t/hm²，其次是白桦山杨混交林为104.75 t/hm²，白桦纯林土壤持水能力最差为37.80 t/hm²。（6）土壤初渗速率在2.3~56.8 mm/min范围内，土壤入渗速率与入渗时间呈较好的幂函数关系，相关系数大于0.95。

Hydrological Effects of Litter and Soils in Nine Forest Types of the Jieba Region

A pilot study of hydrological effects of litter and soil layer was carried out in nine forest types in Bayingzhuang forest farm.The results showed:(1) the total storage capacity of litter was about 5.79～24.97 t/hm2,which decreased in the order:Betula platyphylla Suk.pure forest＞Betula platyphylla Suk.-Populus davidiana mixed forest＞ Pinus tabuli formis pure forest＞ Populus davidiana pure forest＞Quercus mongolica pure forest ＞ Larix principis rupprechti-Pinus tabuliforrnis mixed forest ＞ Betula platyphylla Suk.-Betula davurica mixed forest＞Larix principis rupprechti pure forest＞Larix principis rupprechti-Betula platyphylla Suk.mixed forest;(2) there were some differences in water holding capacities of litter in 9 forest types,which decreased in the order of Betula platyphylla Suk.-Populus davidiana mixed forest＞ Populus davidiana pure forest＞ Pinus tabuli formis pure fores＞ Betula platyphylla Suk.pure forest＞ Betula platyphylla Suk.-Betula davurica mixed forest＞ Larix principis rupprechti-Pinus tabuli formis mixed fores＞Quercus mongolica pure forest＞Larix principis rupprechti-Betula platyphylla Suk.mixed forest＞Larix principis rupprechti pure forest;(3) water holding capacity and soaking time had the significant logarithmic relationship,the correlation coefficient was above 0.95;the relationship between absorption rate and soaking time could be described by power function,the correlation coefficient was greater than 0.90;(4) the modified interception amount of Quercus mongolica pure forest was the strongest,which was 52.63 t/hm2;the modified interception amount of Larix principis rupprechti-Betula platyphylla Suk.mixed forest was the least,which was 14 t/hm2;(5) water holding capacity of soil in Quercus mongolica pure forest was strongest,which was 117.42 t/hm2,water holding capacity of soil in Betula platyphylla Suk.-Populus davidiana mixed forest came the next,which was 104.75 t/hm2,water holding capacity of soil in Betula platyphylla Suk.pure forest was the least,which was 37.80 t/hm2;(6) the soil initial infiltration rate was about 2.3 ～ 56.8 mm/min;The relationship between the infiltration rate and infiltration time could be fitted by power function,the correlation coefficient was greater than 0.95.