云南石林巴江河岸土地利用/土地覆被结构变化研究

基于巴江河和石林公园的协同保护利用，采用遥感和地理信息系统技术分析了2014年、1992年、1984年云南石林县巴江河岸1 000 m范围的影像或土地利用/土地覆被变化。30年来，巴江河岸土地利用/土地覆被结构显著变化，耕地面积保持56%以上，林地面积减少了54%、草地面积减少了95%。但住宅仓储工矿用地增加106倍，园地面积增加7.6倍、石砾地裸地面积增加1.7倍，土地利用结构严重碎化。这种变化的直接动力是居民用地和仓储用地等向河岸带集中。石林公园列为世界地质公园/世界自然遗产地提升了巴江河作为其缓冲区河流的地位，但并没有带来巴江河岸土地利用结构的优化。作为石林世界地质公园组成部分和石林县重要的景观河保育，以2014年土地利用结构为基础，应调整河岸土地利用结构，河岸带林地可增加77%，分别来自减少的57%裸地石漠化地，10%的耕地调整以及住宅和园地增加的10%绿化。由此可知，巴江河上游地段土地利用结构应优先调整。

Study on the Riparian LULC Features of Shilin Bajiang in Yunnan Province

On the basis of coordinating utilization and protection of Bajiang River with the Shilin park,the remote image(2014) and land-use maps(1984,1992) of the 1 000 meters wide riparian zones in the Bajiang banks in the Shilin County of Yunnan Province were analyzed using Geographic Information Technology for the adjustment of the riparian land use/land cover (LULC).The results showed that the obvious change of LULC happened over the last 30 years.The cropland area accounted for more than 56％ of the whole studied area;the woodland area greatly reduced by 54％,grassland reduced by more than 95％.And on the other hand,the warehouse area increased by 106 times,the areas of the garden land and the rocky land increased by 7.6 and 1.7 times,respectively.The fragmentation happened in all kinds of the land-use types there.The directly driver of the changes is a development of the resident house,warehouse and public facilities land in the riparian zones.Although the role of Bajiang River was further recognized because of the Shilin park's status of the World Heritage sites and UNESCO global geopark,the LULC improvement of the Bajiang riparian zones was not come into action.As the component of the Shilin world-level protected area and key landscape river in the Shilin County,the riparian LULC structure should be adjusted.The woodland area on the riparian banks should be increased by 77％ compared to its percentage in 2014,which come from the 57％ of the reduced rocky land area,10％ of the farming land area and 10％ area of the housing land and warehouse area for afforestation.The adjustment should be preferentially carried out in the upper part of the Bajiang River Basin.