榆林市绿地生态系统土壤水文调控过程及土壤微生物群落特征

为了探究榆林市绿地系统生态水文效应以及绿地土壤微生物群落特征，调查研究了榆林市东沙生态公园绿地土壤理化性质和养分状况，分析了土壤水文调节功能以及土壤微生物群落丰富度、多样性和均匀度，检测分析了绿地不同区域枯枝落物的持水能力和持水过程。结果显示:（1） 东沙生态公园不同区域土壤理化性质与营养状况差别较大，土壤容重变化范围为0.41~1.34 g/cm³，总孔隙度变化范围为42%~71%，有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾变化范围分别是9.93~17.69 g/kg，0.97~2.37 g/kg，2.31~6.67 g/kg，23.6~58.12 g/kg；（2） 东沙生态公园不同区域绿地土壤微生物群落特征不一致，停车场区和公园干扰区绿地人流量大，显著影响该区域土壤微生物的丰富度和多样性，公园等人员较少干扰绿地土壤中微生物丰富度和多样性较高；（3） 单一因素差异性分析和PCA分析表明东沙生态公园绿地土壤微生物群落结构与是否晴/雨天无关。（4） 东沙生态公园不同区域绿地枯枝落物储量具有显著差异性，停车场区和公园干扰区绿地表层枯枝落物厚度最大，公园附近绿地枯枝落物厚度最小，并且枯落物储量也具有相似的规律。综上所述，城市绿地生态水文的优良，土壤和表层枯落物尤为重要，为了防治城市内涝，需要加强城市绿地土壤环境的保护，以及减少人为对绿地的干扰。

Ecological Hydrology and Characteristics of Microbial Community of Soil in Green Space System of Yulin City

To explore the Yulin City green space system of effects of ecological hydrology and characteristics of microbial community,soil physical and chemical properties and nutrient status had been investigated in Dongsha Park,the adjusting function of soil hydrological and richness,diversity and evenness of soil microbial community had been analyzed,water-holding capacity and retention of litter mass had been tested.Results show that:(1) there is a greater difference of nutrition and physical and chemical properties of soils in different areas of Dongsha Park,the bulk densities range from 0.41 g/cm3 to 1.34 g/cm3,the total porosity variation is ranges from 42％ to 71％,the contents of organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium were 9.93～17.69 g/kg,0.97～2.37 g/kg,2.31～6.67 g/kg,23.6～58.12 g/kg,respectively;(2) characteristics of microbial community was in conformity,tourists area in Dongsha Park significantly impact on the abundance and diversity of soil,the abundance and diversity of Dongsha Park with no disturbance area was higher;(3) soil microbial community structure has nothing to do with sunny or rainy days;(4) reserves of litter mass of different areas have significant differences in the green space of Dongsha Park,the thickness of litter mass was the largest in the green space surface of parking area and disturbance area,the thickness of litter mass was the minimum in pavement,reserves also had similar discipline.To sum up,it is important for favorable city ecology to maintain soil and litter mass,it needs to strengthen the protection of environment,and reduce human interference and damage of green space.