不同秸秆还田方式对滨海盐渍土水盐运动的影响

为了探究不同秸秆还田方式对滨海盐渍土水盐调控机制，设置4种处理方式:秸秆覆盖（P），秸秆深埋（S），秸秆覆盖+深埋（T），常规耕作（CK），以CK为对照，通过大田试验研究不同处理下冬小麦生育期内土壤水盐运动及其对冬小麦产量的影响。结果表明:秸秆还田增加了土壤储水量，P，S和T处理0-70 cm土层生育期储水量均值高于CK处理8.28 mm，6.86 mm和13.76 mm；冬小麦前中期对0-30 cm土层保墒效果明显，随生育期的推移各处理间差异及土壤含水率均逐渐减小。秸秆还田抑制了土壤盐分表聚，T处理可显著降低0-50 cm土层土壤含盐量，生育期含盐量均值低于P，S和CK处理41.24%，32.08%和52.77%，淡化土壤耕层效果明显；S处理对0-30 cm土层脱盐效果优于P处理。秸秆还田改善土壤水盐状况，显著增加了冬小麦产量，产量表现出T > P > S > CK的顺序。T处理改善土壤水盐状况和提高产量表现较优，为试验的最佳处理方式。

Effects of Different Straw Returning Modes on the Water and Salt Movement in the Coastal Saline Soil

In order to explore the mechanism of the water and salt in the context of straw return to the coastal saline soil,field experiments were conducted under 4 treatments:straw mulching(P),straw buried (S),straw mulching and buried (T),conventional tillage (CK),to examine the water and salt movement and effects on the winter wheat yield.The results showed that straw returning increased soil water storage,the average growth stage soil storage of winter wheat in 0-70 cm soil layers of P,S and T were 8.28 mm,6.86 mm and 13.76 mm higher than CK,respectively.increase of soil moisture in 30 cm soil layers under straw returning was apparent before the middle of winter wheat,but the difference between the treatments and the soil water content decreased with the process of the growing stage.The content of soil salinity was inhibited by straw returning,T reduced the salt content in 0-50 cm soil salinity significantly,the average soil salt increase rates were 41.24％,32.08％ and 52.77％,respectively,lower than P,S and CK,showing a significant effect of plough layer.Straw returning improved the soil water and salt,increased the yield of winter wheat significantly,showing the order of T＞P＞S＞CK.T was the best treatment to improve the status of the soil water-salt and the yield.