小麦麸水平对生长鸡钾、钠、钙、镁及磷利用的影响

试验观察小麦麸水平对生长鸡常量元素利用的影响。试验以去皮去胚玉米、玉米淀粉及提纯大豆蛋白为主的半纯合型饲粮,分别含有0(对照)、8、16、24、32及40％的小麦麸,添加玉米油降低饲粮能量差异。测定钾、钠、钙、镁及磷在某些组织的沉积量及真利用率。试验结果表明钾、钠、钙、镁及磷的利用均受饲粮小麦麸的影响,这种影响主要表现在排泄物中元素含量的增加,以及真利用率的降低。钾、镁及磷的采食量随小麦麸水平的提高而显著增加(P<0.001),排泄物中含量也随之显著增加(P<0.001),小麦麸含量从8％升至40％,钾、镁及磷的含量分别增加1.0—6.1、1.0—4.9及1.4—2.8倍,真利用率分别降低(P<0.01)16.2—76.7％、19.6—53.5％及13.1—42.9％。钙和钠的采食量在饲粮间变化较小,8—40％小麦麸导致钙排泄量增加(P<0.01)41.5—733.2％,40％小麦麸导致钠含量增加31.1％(P<0.05)。小麦麸含量为8—40％,钙的真利用率降低9.9—19.8％(P<0.01),钠真利用率降低13.6—34.9％,小麦麸含量高于24％差异显著(P<0.05)。血液和肝脏中元素的沉积量不受小麦麸的影响。小麦麸含量为8—40％,胰脏中钾含量降低(P<0.01),小麦麸含量超过24％,胫骨中钙含量降低7.3—1 4.3％(P<0.05),小麦麸超过40％,胫骨磷含量降低10.5％(P<0.05)。

EFFECT OF WHEAT BRAN LEVELS ON THE UTILIZATION OF K,Na,Ca,Mg and P FOR GROWING CHICKS

Experiments were conducted to measure the effect of wheat bran levels on the mineral utilization of growing chicks.Chicks were reared on semi-synthetic diets mainly of corn grits,corn starch and isolated soy protein with 0 (control),8,16,24,32 and 40% wheat bran adjusted to the same level of protein(19%)and energy with corn oil.Concentrations in tissues and true utilization rate(TUR)of K,Na,Ca,Mg and P were determined. Dietary wheat bran had significant effects on the utilization of K,Na,Ca,Mg and P.With the increase of wheat bran from 8 to 40% in diets,K,Mg and P consumption rose(P<0.01),Concentrations in excreta increased(P<0.01) (higher 1.0-6.1,1.0-4.9 and 1.4-2.8 times as much as the control respectively)and TUR values decreased(P <0.01)(lower 16.2-76.7,19.6-53.5 and 13.1-42.9% than the control respectively).Ca and Na intake was not differ- ent between diets,concentrations in excreta were higher(P<0.01)41.5-73.2% for Ca in 8-40% bran diets and higher 31.1%(P<0.05)for Na in 40% bran diets and higher 31.1%(P<0.05)for Na in 40% bran diet than the control, and Ca and Na TUR values were lower 9.9-19.8%(p<0.01)and 13.6-34.9% in 8-40% bran diets respectively,the differences being Significant(p<0.05)when bran level was above 24%.Wheat bran resulted in lower K Concentration (p<0.01)in pancreas and Ca content in tibia was lower 7.3-14.3% in 24-40% bran diets(p<0.05),and lower 10.5% for P Content in 40% more bran diet.