巨胚稻的生物学特性研究

对通过辐射诱变获得的巨胚稻品系及它们相应的非巨胚对照的生物学特性进行研究，结果认为，(1)直接辐照诱变获得的巨胚稻品系与相应原非巨胚稻相比，在主要农艺性状和有效穗、穗粒数、结实率3个产量性状上十分相似，差异不显著，但巨胚稻千粒重下降1.90~3.13 g，进而使理论产量和实际产量也相应下降；巨胚稻的粒重和容重均比相应非巨胚稻显著减小，但巨胚稻绝对胚重是非巨胚对照的1.69~2.04倍，相对胚重是非巨胚对照的1.97~2.47倍；（2）通过杂交选育的2个巨胚恢复系同它们相应非巨胚对照的农艺和产量性状则差异较大，绝对胚重和相对胚重也均比相应亲本提高，分别是相应对照的2.06倍和1.75倍（绝对胚重）及2.42倍和2.04倍（相对胚重）。

The Biological Characters of Giant Embryo Rice

Biological characters and yield components were analyzed in giant embryo rice and their corresponding CK(non-ge-rice:rice without giant embryo).The main results were as follows:(1) Induced mutants possessing ge(giant embryo) genes had close similarly to the corresponding original lines in all most of agronomic traits,including plant types,major yield components(No.of productive panicles,No.of grains per panicle and seed setting percent) as well as heading date.However,ge-rice showed a significant decrease in 1000-grain weight, test weight,theoretical yield and harvest yield.The absolute and relative embryo weights of ge-rice were increased by 1.692.04 and 1.972.47 times;(2) The two ge-rice lines obtained by hybridization breeding had a little different performance in plant type,major agronomic traits and major yield component traits,but their absolute embryo weight and relative embryo weight were increased by 2.06 and 1.57,2.42,and 2.04 times,compared with those of common rice respectively.