植物近等基因系培育及在林木遗传改良上的应用探讨

近等基因系是分子遗传图谱构建、数量性状基因定位及分子标记辅助育种的重要基础。近等基因系选育主要有连续多次回交选育法、从突变体中分离获得、结合分子标记技术检测连续回交选育法、杂交高世代群体材料中分离选育等方法。本文介绍了主要农作物近等基因系构建及应用的研究进展,并结合林木植物的特点,提出了选择生长周期较短的木本植物柳树为材料,构建近等基因系,在此基础上形成林木遗传学研究模式树种的观点。

Progress in the Selection of Plant Near Isogenic Lines and Its Application in the Genetic Improvement of Forest Trees

Near isogenic lines were important base for the construction of molecular genetic maps, QTLs location and molecular markers-assisted breeding. There were several methods for the selection of near isogenic lines including selection by multiple continuous backcross, isolation from mutants, selection in the multiple continuous backcross combined with molecular markers and selection from the materials of higher generation.Progress on the selection and application of near isogenic lines of the important crops was described.Moreover,combined with characters of forest trees, an idea was put forward which was that plants of Salix with short cycle of growth should be selected for the establishment of near isogenic lines and would become a model species for the genetic improvement of forest trees on the base of the near isogenic lines of Salix.