南疆地区小花棘豆中苦马豆素的分离与鉴定

摘要：小花棘豆(Oxytropis glabra)草粉经稀盐酸浸提、过滤、滤液上732强酸性阳离子交换树脂，用1 mol/L 氨水洗脱，得到总生物碱。将总生物碱用甲醇完全溶解、过滤，回收甲醇后的残留物，过180 μm硅胶柱，用氯仿∶甲醇∶氨水∶水（体积比为70∶26∶2∶2）混合溶剂洗脱，薄层层析检测，合并同类项，挥干后将残留物在90 ℃、-0.094 MPa条件下升华，得到白色针状结晶。经薄层色谱、熔点、紫外光谱、红外光谱、质谱、核磁共振分析，确定为苦马豆素，提取率为19.95 mg/kg。

Isolation and detection of swainsonine from Oxytropis glabra in the southern Xinjiang region

Abstract: The thin hydrochloric acid was used to extract the filtration from Oxytropis glabra, and this filtration was applied to get the crude alkaloids by eluting with 1 mol/L ammonia water on 732 strong eation exchange resins. White crystal was obtained from the crude alkaloids by the following steps, extracted by methanol, then applied to silica gel stele (180 μm), eluted with chloroform∶methanol∶ammonia∶water (70∶26∶2∶2). The crude alkaloids was monitored by thin layer chromatography，incorporated and evaporated the same fraction, finally, the white crystal was obtained under vacuum (-0.094 MPa) at 90 ℃. The white crystal was possibly considered as swainsonine, the chemical structures of which were identified to further confirm that this white crystal was swainsonine by means of TLC， MP， UV, IR, MS and NMR. The extraction of swainsonine in O. glabra was 19.95 mg/kg.