青海省共和县高原生态畜牧业生产经营专业合作社研究

摘要：由于粗放型的畜牧业经营方式过度追求牲畜数量,产生了“公地悲剧”。因此,国家对青藏高原制定了以牧业合作组织为平台推行生态畜牧业的发展战略,实行游牧定居、草地围栏,以实现“三减”目标。本研究以青海省海南州哈乙亥生态畜牧业生产经营专业合作社为例,分析了该合作社的成立过程、运行方式、存在的主要问题、研究以合作社为载体推进生态畜牧业发展的对策。结果发现,由于高原牧民生产与生活的特殊性,藏族传统文化习俗独特性以及牧民由游牧转向定居的“再社会化”变迁等方面的复杂影响,牧民合作组织的生成和发展与农业区具有较大的差异,目前畜牧合作社在推进生态畜牧业发展中仍存在一些具体问题。同时,根据当地的实际情况,针对退牧分流人员就业、畜种退化、动物防疫等提出了政策建议。

Research on professional cooperatives working with animal husbandry production and operation of alpine ecosystems in Gonghe County,Qinghai Province

The tragedy of common has been produced,because the extensive operation forms of animal husbandry which pursuited the quantity of live stocks excessive.Therefore,government has established development strategies to develop ecological animal husbandry based on animal husbandry cooperatives,and to reach the targets of three decreasing by the implements of settling nomadic herdsmen and fencing grasslands.This study took the professional animal husbandry production and operation cooperative in Hayihai,Hainan St...