土壤pH值对茶树生长及矿质元素吸收的影响

采用盆栽法,研究了土壤不同 pH 值对茶树生长、茶叶品质成分含量和矿质营养元素吸收的影响。结果表明:茶树生长的最适 pH 是5.0—6.0,最佳 pH 值为5.5。在土壤 pH 5.5条件下,茶叶中水浸出物含量最高,氨基酸、茶多酚和咖啡碱含量也较高。茶树对矿质元素铝、锰、钙、钼、硼的吸收也以 pH 5.0—6.0最为有利。因此,茶园土壤的最适 pH 应是5.0—6.0,最佳 pH值为5.5,但在该 pH 范围内要注意增加锌肥的施用。

Influence of Soil pH on the Growth and Mineral Elements Absorption of Tea plant

The growth of tea plant,tea quality and the absorption of mineralelements by tea plant grown on soils of different pH values were investig-ated by using pot-culture.Results showed that the soil pH values suitablefor tea growth were 5.0—6.0,the optimum pH value was 5.5.The contentsof amino acids and polyphenols showed the significantly negative correlationsto the soil pH,respectively.Correlations between the soil pH and the contentof caffeines,and the water extracts accorded with the quadratic equation,respectively(r~2=0.96 for the equation of the pH and the caffeine contentand r~2=0.85 for that of the pH and the water extracts content).The uptakesof Al,Zn,Mn by tea plant showed the significantly negative correlationsto the soil pH,but that of Ca showed the significantly positive correlation.Correlations between the soil pH and the uptakes of Mo,B also accordedwith the quadratic equation(r~2=0.73 for the equation of the pH and theMo uptake and r~2=0.89 fox that of the pH and the B uptake).