施磷对黄土旱塬小麦水分利用效率、水势及产量的影响

为了研究黄土旱塬农业肥料的施用效果，选取3个磷肥施加水平（P₀，P₉₀和P₁₈₀），研究了施磷对黄土旱垣农业生态区小麦气体交换指标、瞬时水分利用效率、叶片水势及产量的影响，并对它们之间的关系做了分析。结果表明：随着施磷量的增加小麦叶片光合性能随之升高，且各处理之间差异显著；施磷提高了小麦的瞬时水分利用效率(WUEi)；随着磷肥的施加，叶片水势随之升高；最终产量以P₁₈₀处理最高，为4550 kg/hm²。各指标相关分析结果表明，气体交换指标与叶片瞬时水分利用效率(WUEi)、叶片水势及产量之间达到显著或极显著相关；且各光合性能参数与水势和产量之间的相关性大于与WUEi的相关性。WUEi与水势和产量之间也存在着显著的相关关系。

Effects of Phosphorus Adding on Water Use Efficiency, Leaf Water Potential and Yield of Wheat on Loess Plateau

In order to know the effect of phosphorus fertilizer adding in loess plateau agriculture, the leaf gas exchange parameters, instantaneous water use efficiency (WUEi), leaf water potential and yield were measured under three phosphorus adding (P₀, P₉₀ and P₁₈₀) on the Loess Plateau in Shaanxi Province. And the relationships among them were also analyzed. The results showed that, the photosynthetic performance was enhanced with the adding of phosphorus, and there were significant differences among the treatments. The adding of phosphorus could improve the WUEi, and the leaf water potential was also improved. The highest yield was the treatment P₁₈₀, 4550 kg/hm². There were significant correlations between gas exchange parameters and WUEi, leaf water potential, yield, while the correlation coefficients between photosynthetic performance and leaf water potential, yield were higher than that between photosynthetic performance and WUEi. There was also significant correlation between WUEi and yield.