安庆市夏玉米涝渍灾害指标研究

为了研究渍害对安庆市夏玉米生长发育及产量的影响，通过运用安庆市1960—2011年多种农业气象资料，采用降水概率≤20%与≥80%分位数法和采用FAO（联合国粮农组织）方法计算夏玉米不同时段需水量与同时段降水量比较，综合2种方法设计了夏玉米不同生育时段的综合涝渍指标。并采用涝渍强度指数验证综合涝渍指标的正确性。结果表明：安庆市夏玉米全生育期综合涝渍指标为 ≥731.8 mm，6月上旬到9月下旬逐旬综合涝渍指标为：≥66.8 mm、≥70.3 mm、≥124.9 mm、≥89.4 mm、 ≥78.2 mm、≥92.2 mm、≥84.7 mm、≥76.6 mm、≥49.2 mm、≥47.4 mm、≥41.4 mm、≥27.7 mm。采用综合涝渍指标划分典型的涝渍年份与采用涝渍强度指数划分涝渍年份对比相似率达81.8%，表明安庆市综合涝渍指标符合当地实情，具有实用价值。

Research on the Waterlogged Indicators of Summer Maize in Anqing

In order to study the waterlogging of Anqing City summer maize growth and yield influence, by using a variety of agricultural meteorological data of Anqing City from 1960 to 2011, the correlation between precipitation and summer maize water requirement were studied according to the probability of precipitation (≤20% and ≥80%) and FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization). And the two methods were combined together to design the index of waterlogging for summer maize in different periods. Furthermore, the intensity of waterlogging was used to verify the index of waterlogging. The results showed that the index of waterlogging for summer maize in the growing period of Anqing City was ≥731.8 mm. The index of each ten days from early June to late September was ≥66.8 mm, ≥70.3 mm, ≥124.9 mm, ≥89.4 mm, ≥78.2 mm, ≥92.2 mm, ≥84.7 mm, ≥76.6 mm, ≥49.2 mm, ≥47.4 mm, ≥41.4 mm, ≥27.7 mm. Divided the typical years according to the index of waterlogging and the intensity of waterlogging were highly similar, and the rate of similarity reached to 81.8%. It showed the index of waterlogging was in accordance with the local situation of Anqing City and it could be regarded as practical value.