不同灌溉和施肥水平对东尼罗河三角洲地区甜菜产量、品质及部分水分指标的影响

【目的】2008～2009、2009～2010年分别在埃及El-Sharkia省Zankalon研究站进行不同灌溉和氮肥水平对甜菜产量、品质及水分指标的影响试验。【方法】采用裂区设计,分别设3个灌溉处理即I1（60%田间持水量）、I2（80%田间持水量）和I3（100%田间持水量）和3个施肥处理即N1（50kgN/fed）、N2（70kgN/fed）和N3（90kgN/fed）。【结果】灌水处理I1的甜菜块根和糖产量最高、根径最大,其次为处理I2,处理I3的最低。随着灌溉水平的提高,甜菜块根长和蔗糖含量明显下降。当施用90kgN/fed氮肥,甜菜根长、根径、块根和糖产量明显提高,但糖分则有所降低。灌溉和施氮肥处理均对蔗糖纯度没有明显影响。3个灌溉处理I1、I2和I3的水分利用量分别为3579.7、3042.0和2504.0m2/fed,季节耗水量分别为58.12、52.06和47.29cm,而甜菜块根产量、糖产量的水分利用率分别为15.86、13.78、13.35kg块根/m3水和2.73、2.61and2.56kg糖/m3水。随着施氮水平的提高,获得一定甜菜根产量和糖产量,所需的实际耗水量和水分利用率也不断提高。在东尼罗河三角洲地区的甜菜平均季节作物系数为0.87。【结论】可在东尼罗河三角洲地区推荐使用Kc经验值来计算耗水量。

Effect of different levels of irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer on sugar beet yield, quality and some water relations in East Delta region

Objective]Two field experiments were conducted during 2008-2009 and 2009-2010 seasons at Zankalon Research Station, El-Sharkia Governorate, Egypt to study the effect of different levels of irrigation and nitrogen fertilizers on sugar beet yield, quality and some water relations. Method]Experiments were conducted in split plot design with four replicates using three irrigation ( I1, I2 and I3 with 60, 80 and 100% of field capacity, respectively) and three N fertilizer (N1, N2 and N3 with 50, 70 and 90 kg N...