籽粒苋不同富钾基因型矿质营养元素含量的研究

采用水培试验,研究了在两种供钾水平(K,0.5mmolL-1和5.0mmolL-1)条件下4个不同籽粒苋品种植株体内矿质营养元素的含量及其变化。同时,还在低钾条件下,测定了不同籽粒苋品种根、茎、叶中矿质营养成分的含量和构成情况,结果表明:(1)籽粒苋各品种氮、钾含量随着供钾水平降低而减少,一般基因型氮钾含量降幅大于富钾基因型;在相同供钾水平条件下,富钾基因型的氮钾含量均高于一般基因型,而相同基因型的不同品种间氮钾含量则相近。籽粒苋各品种氮主要分布在根和叶中,其次是茎;磷大量分布在根,其次是叶,再次是茎;钾主要存在于茎中,根和叶次之。(2)籽粒苋钙、镁、硫含量随着供钾水平的升高而降低,富钾基因型镁、硫含量低于一般基因型。籽粒苋不同品种的钙、镁主要分布在叶片中,其次是茎和根;硫在根中的分布最少,叶中最多。(3)不同品种B、Cu、Fe、Mn、Zn等微量元素含量随着供钾水平的降低而升高,灰分含量则降低。富钾基因型B、Fe、Zn及灰分含量都高于一般基因型,而Cu的含量则是一般基因型高于富钾基因型。4个籽粒苋品种的硼、铜主要存在于叶片中,其次是根,茎含量相对前两者要小;铁、锰、锌在根的含量最高,叶片次之,茎最低,根系中铁的含量分别是叶和茎的7倍左右和10倍以上。

Content and Composition of Mineral Nutrient in Different Grain Amaranth Genotypes

The changes of mineral nutrition compositions and content were studied in four grain amaranth varieties by water culture of two potassium levels supply(K 0.5 mmol L~(-1) and K 5.0 mmol L~(-1)).Content of root,stem and leaf was determinated in different grain amaranth varieties.The result shows:(1)Content of nitrogen and potassium decreased along with the potassium level decreasing,the decreasing extent of common genotype was higher than that of enrichment genotype.With the same potassium level supply,conten of nitrogen and potassium in enrichment genotype was higher than in common genotype,while the content was closely in the same genotype.Nitrogen was mainly distributed in root and leaf,then in stem;Phosphorus was mostly accumulated in root,then in leaf,last in stem;Potassium was mainly absorbed in stem, then in root and leaf.(2)Content of calcium,magnesium and sulfur idecreased with the potassium level increasing.Concent of magnesium and sulfur in enrichment genotype was lower than in common genotype.Calcium and magnesium of plant was mainly distributed in leaf,then in stem and root,while sulfur was mostly absorbed in leaf,and that was least in root.(3) Content of B,Cu,Fe,Mn and Zn increased with potassium level decrease,but content of ash decreased.Content of B,Fe,Zn and ash in enrichment genotype was higher than in common genotype,but content of Cu in common genotype was higher than in enrichment genotype.Content of boron and copper in four grain amaranth varieties was mainly accumulated in leaf,then in root and stem;Content of Fe,Mn and Zn was mainly in root,is least in stem.Content of Fe in root was seven times and ten times than that in leaf and stem, respectively.