基于物联网的果园实蝇监测系统的设计与实现

为大范围和准确监测果园实蝇的发生,设计了基于物联网的果园实蝇监测系统。该系统由智能捕虫器、监测终端、远程终端及移动终端组成,安装在果园的多个智能捕虫器和监测终端构成星形短程无线通信网,监测终端将收集的实蝇信息通过GSM/GPRS服务发送至远程终端及移动终端。智能捕虫器包括太阳能电池板、支架、捕虫器壳体及安装于壳体内部的光电检测电路、微处理器、短程无线通信模块、锂电池充电电路等功能电路,采用成本较低且稳定性较高的红外光电对管检测进入捕虫器的果园实蝇;监测终端包括微处理器、短程无线通信模块和GSM/GPRS模块。基于μC/OS–II实时操作系统设计了智能捕虫器和监测终端的应用软件。系统验证试验结果表明,智能捕虫器平均工作电流为97 m A,监测终端在GSM/GPRS模块休眠和工作时的电流分别为60 m A和328 m A,2种设备的工作电流消耗均低于各自电池的供电能力,实蝇监测准确率可达94.23%。

An Extension of Behavioral Decision Weight in RDEU with First-order Difference

This paper builds a theoretical framework of fiscal expenditure and regional economic differences, and then based on the more cutting-edge dynamic spatial panel model it empirically analyzes China''s provincial data from 1998 to 2011. The result shows that: the active fiscal policy has positive effects on reducing regional economic differences; the larger fiscal expenditure is, the more obviously it impacts on regional economic differences; the fiscal expenditure size and the structure will bring about time and space influence on regional economic differences through the mechanism of dynamic change and spatial spillover. In other words, fiscal expenditure of the previous period and that of the neighboring provinces affects local regional economic differences.