摄食不同饵料对翘嘴鳜生长、体成分和消化酶活性的影响

为探究三种不同饵料对翘嘴鳜(Siniperca chuatsi)生长性能、体成分和消化酶的影响,实验选取初始体重为(113.56±11.82)g的翘嘴鳜900尾,随机分成3组,分别投喂活饵料鱼、冰鲜饵料鱼和商品饲料,进行60 d的养殖试验。结果显示:(1)冰鲜组、活饵组和饲料组翘嘴鳜的成活率、增重率、特定生长率和蛋白效率均无显著性差异。饲料组翘嘴鳜肥满度显著小于其他两组,肝体比和脏体比均显著大于其他两组。(2)三组翘嘴鳜体成分中的水分、蛋白质、粗脂肪和粗灰分均没有显著性差异。(3)翘嘴鳜肌肉各种氨基酸含量和总氨基酸量在三组之间的差异均不显著。饲料组翘嘴鳜肌肉中不饱和脂肪酸中的棕榈油酸、油酸、亚油酸、花生烯酸、EPA、神经酸、DHA的含量及总饱和脂肪酸、总单不饱和脂肪酸、总多不饱和脂肪酸均显著高于其他两组。(4)肝脏脂肪酶、肠道淀粉酶的活性在三组翘嘴鳜之间均没有显著性差异。冰鲜组翘嘴鳜肝脏淀粉酶、肠道脂肪酶活性均显著高于其他两组。结果表明:翘嘴鳜经过驯化可以摄食配合饲料,且不影响其生长性能。翘嘴鳜摄食饲料后,其肌肉氨基酸没有发生显著性的变化,不饱和脂肪酸的含量显著升高。

Effect of different diet on the growth performance,body composition and digestive enzymes active of mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatisi)

The present study was conducted to evaluate the growth performance,body composition,digestive enzyme activities of mandarin(Siniperca chuatisi)fed compound feed,frozen fish and live fish,respectively.Nine hundred fish with initial body weight(113.56±11.82 g)were selected and randomly divided into three groups.The experiment lasted for 60 days.The results showed that there were no significant differences in survival rate,weight gain rate,specific growth rate and protein efficiency among the three groups.The condition factors of fish fed with compound feed were significantly lower than those fed the other two diets,while the hepatosmatic index,viscerosomatic index were significantly higher than the fish in the other two groups.There were no significant differences in moisture,crude protein,crude lipid and crude ash among the three groups.The individual amino acid content and total amino acid content of the muscle in the three groups were not significantly affected by the diet type.The contents of several unsaturated fatty acids(palmitoleic acid,oleic acid,linoleic acid,arachidonic acid,EPA,nervonic acid and DHA)in the muscle of the fish fed with compound feed group were higher than those fed the other two diets.Moreover,the total saturated fatty acids,monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids in the muscle of the fish fed with compound feed were higher than those fed the other two diets.There were no significant difference in liver lipase,intestinal amylase activities among the three groups,while the liver amylase and intestinal lipase activities of fish fed with frozen feed were significantly higher than the fish fed with other two diets.The present study showed that the mandarin fish showed good adaptability to compound feed,and it had not negatively effect on the growth performance of this fish.The amino acids profile in muscle showed no significant difference in fish fed the three diets,while the amount of unsaturated fatty acid in muscle improved in fish fed the compound feed compared with the fish fed frozen fish and live fish.