9种三唑类杀菌剂对苹果轮纹病菌的毒力及田间防效

为筛选得到防治苹果轮纹病的高效药剂,采用生长速率法测定9种三唑类杀菌剂对苹果轮纹病菌菌丝生长的毒力,评价其对苹果生长的安全性及对轮纹病的田间防治效果。结果表明,苯醚甲环唑和氟硅唑对苹果轮纹病菌的室内毒力较高,EC 50分别为0.107μg/mL和0.140μg/mL;其次为氟环唑、丙环唑和己唑醇,EC 50分别为0.220、0.238μg/mL和0.452μg/mL。在田间防效试验中,氟硅唑(57.1 mg/kg)、丙环唑(166.7 mg/kg)和苯醚甲环唑(66.7 mg/kg)对苹果轮纹病的防效最高。2018年果实采收前防效分别为84.75%、83.66%和82.05%,采后30 d分别为73.33%、73.33%和68.33%;2019年采收前防效分别为82.25%、87.66%和87.41%,采后30 d分别为75.41%、70.49%和73.77%。同时,各药剂对苹果生长均无不良影响,可用于苹果轮纹病防治。

Toxicity of nine triazole fungicides to Botryosphaeria dothidea and their control efficacy on apple ring rot

To get effective fungicides for apple ring rot control,nine triazole fungicides were tested for their indoor toxicity to Botryosphaeria dothidea,the safety for apple tree growth and field control efficacy.The results showed that difenoconazole and fluosilazole exhibited highest toxicity to B.dothidea,with EC 50 values of 0.107μg/mL and 0.140μg/mL,respectively.The second was epoxiconazole,propiconazole and hexaconazole,with EC 50 values of 0.220μg/mL,0.238μg/mL and 0.452μg/mL,respectively.In the field experiment,fluosilazole(57.1 mg/kg),propiconazole(166.7 mg/kg)and difenoconazole(66.7 mg/kg)showed the highest control efficacy on apple ring rot.In 2018,the control efficacy before harvest was 84.75%,83.66% and 82.05%,respectively,and 30 days after harvest was 73.33%,73.33% and 68.33%,respectively.In 2019,the control efficacy before harvest was 82.25%,87.66% and 87.41%,respectively,and 30 days after harvest was 75.41%,70.49%and 73.77%,respectively.At the same time,none of the tested fungicides had any adverse effect on apple growth,and was safety for apple ring rot control.