武汉及周边地区杜鹃花主要病虫害调查

2018年5月-2019年12月，对武汉及周边地区杜鹃花的主要病虫害进行了系统调查，主要调查了杜鹃山林景区、杜鹃种质资源栽培苗圃、部分城区道路和住宅绿地中种植的毛鹃、东鹃和春鹃系列，并进行了顶芽受害率的统计与危害程度的评估。结果表明，武汉地区主要病害有杜鹃叶肿病和杜鹃黑斑病，主要虫害有杜鹃冠网蝽、三节叶蜂、钻夜蛾类等；龟峰山景区为代表的杜鹃自然群落病虫害较少；不同杜鹃的园艺类型的病虫害受害率差异较大，以毛鹃的受害率最低，春鹃与东鹃病虫害严重；不同园艺品种的春鹃与东鹃的受害率也各不相同；分析武汉地区杜鹃主要病虫害的不同分布特点与为害特征差异的原因，提出了相应的病虫害防治与抗病虫杜鹃种质资源培育建议。

Investigation on Main Diseases and Pests of Rhododendron in Wuhan Area

Main diseases and pests on the Rhododendron were systematically investigated in Wuhan city urban and suburban area. Three different groups of Rhododendron were investigated including Rhododendron pulchrum, culivars of spring Rhododendron and Eastern Rhododendron planted in the Mountain forest scenic spot, cultivar resource nursery, city roads and residential districts, and hurting rates of leaf and buds were noted and analyzed. The results showed that the main diseases in Wuhan area included the Exobasidium japonicum and Cercospora rhododendri. The major pests were Stephanitis pyrioides, Earias pudicana pupilanaStamdinger, and Arge similes. Lower frequency of diseases and pests was happended in Mountain forest area. Moreover, different type of Rhododendron varied in resistantance to the diseases and pests which Rhododendron pulchrum showed the lowest hurting rate. The probably reason for the difference of the diseases and pests distribution were further analyzed, and suggestion for prevention and control was provided as well as Rhododendron resources with high resistant should also be cultivated.