新疆12种常见蝗虫雄性外生殖器的比较及主成分分析

为准确鉴定新疆草原的常见蝗虫,本研究基于雄性外生殖器原色图片对新疆草原的4科10属12种常见蝗虫的雄性外生殖器结构特征进行详细描述,并总结属级和科级分类阶元的雄性外生殖器特征,并对选取的9个雄性外生殖器指标进行主成分分析。结果显示,斑翅蝗科雄性外生殖器的阳茎基瓣呈宽圆形,而网翅蝗科雄性外生殖器的阳茎基瓣呈花瓣状。9个雄性外生殖器指标主成分分析结果表明,特征值都在1.00以上的有2个主成分,即第一主成分和第二主成分,两者的总贡献率为88.10%;第一主成分的主要组分为后突间距、桥宽和锚状突的相对位置;而第二主成分的主要组分为阳具基背片长宽比。区分12种蝗虫雄性外生殖器的主要特征为后突间距、桥宽、锚状突的相对位置和阳具复合体的大小。

Comparison and principal component analysis of male genitalia of 12 common species of grasshoppers in Xinjiang

To accurately identify the dominant locusts in Xinjiang grasslands, we described in detailed structural characteristics of male genitalia of 12 common locusts in four families, ten genera and 12 species. The study summarized genital characteristics in genus and family levels, and analyzed the nine male external genitalia indicators with principal component analysis (PCA). The results showed that the basal valves of male penis of Oedipodidae were wide and round, while those of Arcypteridae were petalshaped. The PCA results of nine male external genitalia indicators showed that there were two principal components (the first and the second principal components) whose characteristic values were above 1.00, and their total contribution rate was 88.10%. The main components of first principal component were the distance between the posterior projections, the bridge width and the relative position of the ancorae; the main component of the second principal component was the length/width ratio of the phallic complex. The main features that distinguish the male genitalia of 12 species grasshoppers were the distance between the posterior projections, the width of the bridge, the relative position of the ancorae, and the size of the phallic complex.