戊糖乳杆菌R1对草鱼幼鱼养殖水体和肠道菌群的影响

[目的]进一步评价戊糖乳杆菌R1作为益生菌的应用效果。[方法]在草鱼幼鱼中投喂添加由单一戊糖乳杆菌R1制备的微生态制剂和黄霉素,在60 d的投喂期内,采用平板计数法检测好氧性异养菌的总数、总弧菌数和戊糖乳杆菌R1的数量。[结果]结果表明,在投喂菌液和冻干菌粉后,养殖水体和草鱼肠道的戊糖乳杆菌R1数均呈上升趋势,在30 d后数量达到稳定并在肠道内定植;由于戊糖乳杆菌R1的抑制作用,弧菌的数量下降,以肠道中的弧菌最明显;乳酸菌对养殖水体和草鱼肠道的好氧性异养菌没任何影响;乳酸菌对养殖水体和肠道菌群的影响与抗生素具有相近的效果。[结论]乳酸菌作为饲料添加剂可以取代抗生素应用在草鱼的养殖中。

Effects of Lactobacillus pentosaceus R1 on the Microflora in Water and Larvae Guts of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

Grass carp larvae were reared on feed supplement with Lactobacillus pentosaceus R1 alone and flavomycin.After 60 days of feeding,the total numbers of aerobes,vibios,and Lactobacillus pentosaceus R1were measured by plate colony count.The result showed that the number of Lactobacillus pentosaceus R1 rose in both culture water and intestine of the Grass carp administered with suspended and lyophilized bacteria.After 30 days,Lactobacillus pentosaceus R1 colonized in the Grass carp gut with stable number.Meanwhile,the number of vibrios reduced,especially in the Grass carp gut,owing to the inhibitory effect of Lactobacillus pentosaceus R1.Lactobacillus pentosaceus R1 had no effect on aerobes in culture water and Grass carp gut.The influences of Lactobacillus pentosaceus R1 on the microflora in culture water and Grass carp gut were similar to those of flavomycin.It was suggested that Lactobacillus pentosaceus R1 additive could be used in Grass carp culture as substitute for antibiotics.