马铃薯花粉离体萌发及花粉管生长影响因子分析

目的]研究马铃薯花粉离体萌发及花粉管生长的影响因素。方法]采用花粉离体萌发技术，研究不同浓度蔗糖和PEG4000组合，无机盐Ca^2＋、K^＋、Mg^2＋、Na^＋、Zn^2＋以及植物生长调节剂6-BA、NAA等对马铃薯花粉萌发和花粉馁生长的影响。结果]结果表明，马铃薯花粉萌发及花粉管生长最适宜的液体培养基为蔗糖10％＋PEG4000 10％＋Ca（NO3）2 0．02％＋H3BO3 0．02％＋K^＋0．500mmol／L，其萌发率最高可达89．6％，在此基础上添加低浓度的Mg^2＋、Na^＋能促进花粉萌发和花粉管生长。1mg／L6-BA对花粉萌发和花粉管生长有一定的促进作用，特别是对花粉管生长有显著的促进作用；NAA对马铃薯花粉萌发和花粉管生长无积极影响，相反高浓度还产生严重的抑制作用。结论]该研究结果为进一步地研究马铃薯生理特性提供基础资料。

Analysis on Factors Influencing Pollen Germination and Tube Growth of Solanum tuberosum L.in vitro

Objective] The research aimed to study the influence factors of potato pollen germination and pollen tube growth in vitro.Method] Potato pollen was gathered and cultivating liquid was confected,the method of liquid media to cultivate pollen was taken in order to research the effects of sucrose,PEG4000,inorganic ion Ca2+、K+、Mg2+、Na+、Zn2+ and plant growth regulating substances with different mass concentrations on pollen germination and pollen tube growth.Result] The results showed that the most suitable liquid culture medium for potato pollen germination and tube growth in vitro was 10% sucrose+10% PEG4000+0.02% Ca(NO3)2+0.02% H3BO3+0.500 mmol/L K+,and with 0.500 mmol/L Mg2+ and 0.100 mmol/L Na+ could speed pollen germination,especially tube growth.Plant growth regulating substances 6-BA would stimulate pollen germination and tube growth when they were in lower mass concentrations,but they would inhibit pollen germination and tube growth when they were in higher mass concentrations.Concluson] This research will provide the fundamental data for further studying physiological properties of Solanum tuberosum L..