林木营养性状的研究进展与展望

对林木营养的研究虽然开始较早,但并没有得到人们的重视,仅限于对基因差异的表面研究上,极少涉及林木的遗传机制。由于在人工林抚育中较少采取施肥措施,而且经常要在贫瘠的土地上植树造林,因此对林木营养方面的研究显得更为重要。文章探讨了营养性状的概念,并结合近年来国内外林木营养方面的研究成果,就不同营养水平上林木基因差异的研究、林木养分效率(NUE)研究和林木营养差异的形态学和生理生化指标进行了评述。林木养分效率的研究主要包括吸收效率和利用效率两方面;林木营养差异的形态学和生理生化指标主要从根系分泌物、离子吸收动力学参数(Km,Im ax,Cm in)和根系形态三方面进行讨论。借鉴农作物的研究成果,作者对今后的研究方向进行了展望。

Research progress and prospect on nutrient characteristics of forest tree

In recent years,scientists have paid more attention to nutrient and genetic research of plants especially crops because of the environmental problem.With the development of molecular technology and the cross of many subjects,the research of nutrient genetics come into a new and rapid period.However,people paid less attention to the nutrient research of forest tree though they began the research early.The research has only been limited on the variation of genotype,and is not related to the genetic mechanism.The nutrient research of forest tree is very important because the plantation of trees always take less fertilizer in the poor soil.This paper discussed the concept of nutrient,reviewed the research advances of forest tree,including genetic variation in different nutrient levels,the study of nutrient use efficiency(NUE) and morphological,physiological and biochemical factors.NUE is patitioned into two major components:uptaking and utilization efficiencies.The morphological,physiological and biochemical factors include rhizosphere soil,kinetic parameters(Km,I_(max),C_(min)) and root morphology.Based on the research achievements in crops,the writer put forward the expectation to the future research.