烤烟物理特性和化学成分与烟气组分的关系

以国内14个烤烟主产区42份初烤烟叶样品为材料,通过烟丝填充力、平衡含水率、烟碱转移率检测、近红外光谱(NIR)定量分析等方法,检测其主要物理指标、化学成分和单料烟的烟气组分,研究烟叶理化特性与其烟气组分的关系。结果表明,随单料烟烟丝重量的增加,其烟气组分测定值表现为先增加后降低的变化规律;以烟丝填充力为依据确定单料烟的烟丝重量,烟气组分实测值接近理论上的最大值。不同部位烟叶的物理特性、主要化学成分、单料烟烟气组分都有显著差异。单料烟烟气总粒相物、原始焦油产生量、一氧化碳产生量都与烟叶的烟碱含量和总氮含量呈极显著的正相关,与烟叶的钾含量呈极显著的负相关,而与烟叶的总糖和还原糖含量无显著的相关关系。单料烟烟气总粒相物、原始焦油产生量、一氧化碳产生量和烟气烟碱都与单料烟的自由燃烧速率呈极显著的负相关关系。

Studies on the Relationship between Physical and Chemical Characteristics and Smoke Components of Flue-cured Tobacco

The relationship between physical, chemical characteristics and smoke components of flue-cured tobacco was studied with 42 samples produced in 14 tobacco-growing areas by means of detecting cut tobacco filling ability, equilibrium moisture content, nicotine migrating rate, NIR analysis. Studies on the relationship between cut tobacco weight and smoke components showed that measured value of smoke components reached maximum and then began to fall along with cut tobacco weight increment. The value of smoke components approached maximum when the cut tobacco weight of each cigarette was worked out based on its filling power. The results showed there was remarkable difference in chemical components, physical characteristics and smoke components of tobacco leaves in different inserted position. The production of tar, TMP and CO was positively correlated with nicotine and total nitrogen content of tobacco leaves, while negatively correlated with potassium content of tobacco leaves. There was no significant correlation between the production of tar, TMP, CO and total sugar as well as reducing sugar content of tobacco leaves. The production of tar, TMP, CO and nicotine content in smoke were negatively correlated with burning rate of tobacco leaves. The migration rate of nicotine was negatively correlated with water rate and burning rate of tobacco leaves, while positively correlated with filling power of tobacco leaves.