非繁殖季节胚胎移植受体绵羊妊娠效果影响因素的研究

在非繁殖季节应用CIDR法和Progestagen Sponge法对受体绵羊进行同期发情处理后,进行冷冻胚胎移植,研究不同同期发情处理方法、卵巢状况、胚龄、移植方法和移植时间对冷冻胚胎移植妊娠率的影响,以期为当地实现绵羊胚胎移植产业化提供理论依据和技术参考。结果表明:经同期发情处理后,绵羊在去栓后24~72 h集中发情,在去栓后36~48 h发情最为集中;CIDR法和Progestagen Sponge法的同期发情率分别为91.11%和87.78%(P>0.05),同期发情绵羊移植利用率分别为82.93%和78.48%(P>0.05);单侧卵巢上含有1个和2个黄体其妊娠率分别为46.07%和48.78%(P>0.05);桑椹胚和囊胚的妊娠率分别为49.25%和42.11%(P>0.05);腹腔镜法和手术法的妊娠率分别为45.16%和48.52%(P>0.05);11月和12月进行冷冻胚胎移植的妊娠率分别为50.76%和43.08%(P>0.05),该试验的绵羊冻胚移植妊娠率为46.92%,基本接近国内冻胚移植水平,但低于目前国内羊鲜胚移植妊娠率(50%~60%)。由此可以得出,不同同期发情处理方法、卵巢状况、胚龄、移植方法和移植时间对胚胎移植妊娠率的影响均无显著性差异(P>0.05),大规模群体羊同期发情时,可选价格便宜的Progestagen Sponge法;只要受体绵羊黄体质量好即可移植胚胎;为了减轻受体绵羊的应激反应,降低术后子宫粘连的发病率,可广泛应用腹腔镜法进行胚胎移植;该试验的绵羊冻胚移植妊娠率低于目前国内羊鲜胚移植妊娠率,通过筛选高效低毒的抗冻保护剂,以及提高基层技术人员操作水平,则有望进一步提高绵羊冷冻胚胎移植妊娠率。

Study on the Influence Factors of Sheep Embryo Transplantation Pregnancy in the Non-breeding Season

In order to provide theoretical basis and technical reference for local sheep embryo transfer industry, the synchroestrus treatment were carried out for sheep by using CIDR and Progestagen Sponge methods in the non-breeding season to make frozen embryo transfer, and effects of different estrous methods, ovarian, embryonic age, different transplantation methods and seasons on embryo transfer pregnancy rate were studied. Results showed that the sheep concentrated in estrus after synchroestrus treatment in 24-72 h, and estrus sheep were concentrated most in 36-48 h; the synchronization estrus rates of CIDR method and Progestagen Sponge method were 91.11% and 87.78% （P〉0.05）, and the synchronization estrus sheep transfer utilization rates were 82.93% and 78.48% （P 〉0.05）; one ovary containing one and two of the corpus luteum, and their pregnancy rates were 46.07% and 48.78% （P〉0.05）, the pregnancy rates of morula and blastocysts were 49.25% and 42.11% （P〉0.05）; the pregnancy rates of Laparoscopie method and operation method were 45.16% and 48.52% （P 〉0.05）; the pregnancy rates in November and December were 50.76% and 43.08% （P 〉0.05）. The frozen embryos pregnancy rate of tested sheep was 46.92%, which was basically close to Chinese frozen embryos level and lower than the fresh embryos pregnancy rate （50%-60%） of sheep in China at present. Thereby, there was no significant difference in the effects of different estrous methods, ovarian, embryonic age, different transplantation methods and seasons on embryo transfer pregnancy rate; the Progestagen Sponge could be chosen when most sheep were in estrous synchronization; as long as the quality of corpus luteum of sheep was good, embryo could be transplanted; Laparoscopie method could be widely used to release stress response of sheep and decrease the incidence rate of postoperative metrosynizesis; The frozen embryos pregnancy rate of tested sheep was lower than the fresh embryos pregnancy rate of sheep in China at present, and it could be promoted through screening high efficiency and low toxicity cryoprotectants and improve the operation level of basic technicians.