不同浓度史氏芽孢杆菌对屠宰废弃物高温快速堆肥效果的影响

研究旨在通过添加外源微生物,加速屠宰废弃物堆肥的腐熟。[方法]本研究向加热烘干的屠宰废弃物添加浓度为0、5%、10%、15%、20%的史氏芽孢杆菌菌液获得堆肥原料,将原料置于60℃、65℃、70℃的环境中,保证通风并不断搅拌,堆肥10h后研究堆料的含水率、pH、电导率(EC)、全碳含量、全氮含量、碳氮比和发芽指数(GI)的变化。[结果]结果表明：添加菌剂后,随菌液浓度上升,在60℃环境下含水率下降,65℃和70℃时含水率上升；电导率在不同温度下均随菌液浓度上升呈上升趋势,最低为3.76mS/cm,最高为5.31mS/cm；全碳含量在60℃和70℃时随菌液浓度上升而上升,65℃时随菌液浓度上升而下降；pH、全氮含量受温度影响较大,菌液浓度影响不明显；碳氮比受温度和菌液浓度影响较大,变化范围为14-17；发芽指数在60℃和70℃时均随菌液浓度升高而升高,65℃时随菌液浓度升高而降低。[结论]以上结果表明,史氏芽孢杆菌可以促进屠宰废弃物堆肥腐熟,为屠宰废弃物综合利用提供理论基础。

Concentrations of Bacillus subtilis Affecting Rapid Composting of Slaughtering Waste at High Temperature

The study aims to improve the composting of slaughtered waste by adding exogenous microorganisms. In this study, the compost raw materials were obtained by adding Bacillus smithii with the concentration of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% to the dried slaughtering waste. The raw materials were placed at 60, 65 and 70℃ with ventilation and constantly stirring, the water content, pH value, electrical conductivity (EC), total carbon content, total nitrogen content, carbon and nitrogen ratio and germination index (GI) were measured after 10 hours of composting. The results showed that the water content decreased at 60℃ and increased at 65℃ and 70℃ with the increase of bacteria concentration. EC value increased with the increase of bacteria concentration at different temperatures, the minimum reached 3.76 mS/cm and the maximum was5.31 mS/cm. The total carbon content increased at 60℃ and 70℃ with the increase of bacteria concentration, and decreased at 65℃ with the increase of bacteria concentration. The pH value and total nitrogen content were affected by temperature rather than bacteria concentration. The ratio of carbon to nitrogen was influencedby temperature and bacterial concentration, and the variation range was 14- 17. The germination index increased with the increase of bacteria concentration at 60℃ and 70℃, but decreased at 65℃. The above results showed that Bacillus smithii could promote the compost maturity of slaughtered waste, and the study provides a theoretical basis for the comprehensive utilization of slaughtering waste.