Using drill resistance to quantify the density in coarse woody debris of Norway spruce |
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Authors: | Tiemo Kahl Christian Wirth Martina Mund Gerhard Böhnisch Ernst-Detlef Schulze |
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Institution: | 1.Institute of Silviculture,University of Freiburg,Freiburg,Germany;2.Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry,Jena,Germany |
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Abstract: | To evaluate the mass of coarse woody debris (CWD), it is necessary to quantify its density. Drill resistance measurements
are introduced as a approach to estimate the density of CWD in different stages of decay. Dead logs of Norway spruce Picea abies (L.) Karst.] from a Central European mountainous site were used as a test system to compare the new method with conventional
predictors of wood density such as fast quantitative field estimates (e.g., knife probe) and classification of decay classes
based on a set of qualitative traits and quantitative estimates. The model containing only drill resistance as a predictor
explained 65% of the variation in wood density and was markedly better than models containing one or more of several conventional
predictors. However, we show that the relationship between drill resistance and gravimetric wood density relationship is sensitive
to the decay status. Therefore, the best model combines drill resistance and decay class (adj. R2 = 0.732). An additional experiment showed that drill resistance is also sensitive to the moisture state (fresh vs. oven-dry)
of the sample. The major potential of the method lies in its non-destructive nature which allows repeated sampling in long-term
ecosystem studies or in protected areas where destructive sampling is prohibited. The limitations of the method are discussed
and recommendations for applications are given. |
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Keywords: | Norway spruce Coarse woody debris Mixed linear model Wood moisture content Fragmentation |
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