辐射诱变创造花生优异资源-“辐狮”

花生优异资源“辐狮”是用~(32)P内照射“狮选64”干种子后选育而成,具有矮生,分枝多,叶小、叶厚、叶色浓绿,株型紧凑等特点。用它作杂交亲本直接或间接选育出一批优良品种,目前,广东和南方各省大面积种植的优良品种大都与“辐狮”有亲缘关系。 经显微观察,“辐狮”与“狮选64”的染色体数均为2n=40,但在花粉母细胞减数分裂中,“辐狮”的染色体有“桥”和落后染色体,花粉有显著差异,而且能够一代代遗传。“辐狮”子叶的酯酶同工酶增加了4A、5A和16A三条酶带,减少了6A、7A两条酶带,而且8A、9A、10A酶带着色深,酶的活性增强。这是由于辐射引起的,说明“辐狮”是“狮选64”的大突变体.

FU SHI--AN EXCELLENT RESOURCE OF PEANUT (Arachis hypogaea) INDUCED BY IRRADIATION

An excellent resource of peanut Fu.Shi was developed by inner irradiation of variety Shi Xuan 64 dry seeds with 32P in early 1960s. A lot of fine varieties that relate directly or indirectly to Fu Shi have been bree-ded. At present,most of the varieties that are being planted in large areas in Guangdong and in South China, are related with Fu Shi.In the past more than ten years, planting areas of the varieties were added up to more than 3.33 million hectares in Guangdong Province and in South China; yields of peanut were increased more than 500,000 ton,and valued in terms of 500 million Yuan. These varieties played an important rule in peanut production.