中国绿豆种质资源初选核心种质构建

以国家作物种质资源数据库中5 072份国内绿豆资源为材料, 根据14个农艺性状, 利用地理来源(省)和性状群进行分组, 分别采用比例法、平方根法和多样性指数法确定取样数及聚类选择和随机选择2种个体选择法构建了13个不同的绿豆初选核心样本, 对不同的取样方法及总资源间进行了品种间平均相似性系数、性状符合度、遗传多样性指数和数量性状变异系数的比较。结果表明, 聚类选择取样优于随机取样, 按照性状群分组优于按省分组; 在聚类选择条件下采用多样性指数法确定取样数优于平方根法和比例法。最终确定按性状群分组, 利用多样性指数确定取样数, 聚类选择个体为绿豆核心种质构建的最佳方案。用此方案, 构建了包含719份绿豆种质的初选核心种质, 取样比例为14.2%, 性状符合度达100%。

Establishment of Candidate Core Collection in Chinese Mungbean Germplasm Resources

Mungbean (Vigna radiate) is planted extensively in China, and there are abundant Chinese mungbean germplasm resources. In order to strengthen the preservation, research and utilization of Chinese mungbean germplasm resources, we established the pre-core collections of mungbean germplasm. In this study, 5 072 mungbean germplasm resources were selected as material. Based on 14 agronomic traits, 13 sampling strategies were used, which consisted of 2 stratification methods, 3 sampling number determination methods and 2 individual selection methods. The criteria against whole collection included mean similarity coefficient, coincidence of traits, mean CV of quantitive traits, mean Shannon index. The results indicated that selection based on clustering was better than random selection, stratification according to traits was better than that according to geographical distribution, genetic diversity-dependent strategy was better than square root and proportion strategies in determination of sampling number. Finally, an optimal strategy was set by stratification according to traits, determination of the sampling number with genetic diversity-dependent strategy, and then selecting sample by clusters. By using this strategy, a pre-core collection of Chinese mungbean germplam with a total of 719 accessions was established, carrying 100% phenotypic genetic diversity of the whole collection.