四倍体小麦矮杆地方品种的C带分析

矮杆番麦是四倍体小麦地方品种罕见的矮杆种质，采用改主的Ｃ带技术对基尖细胞染色体进行了分析，矮杆番麦体细胞具１４对染色体，染色体组型ＡＡＢＢ。非同源染色体之间，带的数目，大小，强弱及分布情况各异，根据其特殊的带型，容易将筹杆番麦的单条染色体及分开，据此认为Ｃ带可作为矮杆番麦染色体的细胞学标记，矮杆番麦的带型与原始类型的野生二粒小麦相似，表明其基因未发生过大的染色体重排，因此，矮杆番麦的矮杆性状不是由

C-band analysis on the dwarf landrace of tetraploid wheat

The tetraploid wheat (Triticum turgiduin L. )landrace Aiganfanmai is a dwarf germplasm which is very rare in emmer wheat. C-band analysis on chromosomes of its root cells was carried out by using the modified C-band technique. 14 pairs of chromosomes in each somatic cell were observed with genome formulae AABB. The numbers,size, intensit and distributions of bands were differential between nohomoeology chromosomes. According to their differehtal C-band patterns, individual chromosomes of Aiganfanmai could be identified easily. So, the C-bands could be used as cytologic markers of Aiganfanmai' chromosomes' In addition, the band pattern of Aiganfanmai was similar to that of the primitive wild emmer wheat varieties, indicating that no manifest chromosomal rearrangement occured in Aiganfanmai's genome. Therefore, the dwarfing trait of Aiganfanmai is caused by gene mutation rather than by chromosomal aberration. Moreover, chromosomes 3A, 6A and 7A were a little differential between Aiganfanmai and T. monococcum. But Aiganfanmai showed similar C-band pattern to its hexaploid ralatives both in genome A and in genome B. This result supported the conclusion that genomes A and B of polyploid wheat had same progenitor.