我国栽培种花生资源农艺 和品质性状的遗传多样性

通过对国家“七五”—“十五”科技攻关项目和农业部种质资源保护项目执行过程中收集的6 390份栽培 种花生品种资源的农艺性状和种子品质性状的鉴定,分析我国保存的花生资源的遗传多样性。结果表明,我国保 存的花生资源中,龙生型花生的单株生产力高、油酸含量高,普通型花生的油酸含量也很高。珍珠豆型花生的蛋白 质含量和含油量高,普通型和龙生型花生资源的遗传多样性程度高于珍珠豆型和多粒型资源。安徽花生资源的单 株生产力高,福建和江西花生资源的蛋白质含量高,河南和浙江花生的含油量高,四川和广西花生的油酸含量高, 湖北、河南、广西花生资源的遗传多样性程度高于其它地区的花生资源。

Genetic diversity of peanut resource on morphological characters and seed chemical components in China

Peanut is an important oilseed crop cultivated in China. Genetic resource is basic material for peanut improvement.In the last two decades,6 390 peanut accessions were collected and evaluated for morphological characters and seed chemical components.Based on these data,peanut genetic diversity was analyzed in the present study.Pod yield per plant in varieties of hirsuta type and from Anhui province were higher than those varieties of the other botanical types and from the other provinces respectively.Oleic acid contents in accessions of var.hirsuta and hypogaea and from Sichuan and Guangxi provinces and protein contents in varieties of var.vulgaris and from Fujian and Jiangxi provinces were high.Oil contents in genotypes of vulgaris and from Henan and Zhejiang provinces were higher than those of the other botanical types and other provinces respectively.The genetic diversity in genotypes of var.hypogaea and hirsuta belonging ssp.hypogaea and resources from Hubei,Henan,and Guangxi provinces were wider than those in genotypes of var.vulgaris and fastigiata belonging ssp.fastigiata and from other provinces respectively.