苹果杂交后代经济性状的遗传变异分析

以富士、新红星等苹果品种为亲本组配11个杂交组合,获得482棵杂交单株.对杂交后代的开花株率、花量、果形、果实色泽、风味和果实综合品质等遗传变异进行了分析探讨.

Analysis on the Genetic Variation of Economic Characters for Apple Hybrids

Percentage of early blossom (PEB), No. of flower buds(NFB), fruit colour, taste, shape and quality were studied in 8 apple crossed combinations and 3 open-pollinated combinations, involving in 482 seedlings. PEB and NFB of seedlings were dependent on different parental combinations. PEB of open-pollinated combinations was significant high than of selected combinations. Seedlings from Rails × (Starkrimson + Rechard Delicious), with red colour covering more than 70% fruit surface, were more than 50% and coefficient of fruit colour was 3. 01, significantly high than total coefficient of fruit colour (2. 46). Eighty eight percent (88. 1%) seedlings with sweet and acidulous sweet fruits were obtained from Fuji progenies. By analyzing one big crossed combination, it assumed that variation of fruit shape could be controlled by two dominant genes. The highest quality Figure (3. 4) appeared in Fuji × (Jonathan+Starkrimson + Golden Delicious) combination, even though total quality figure was 3. 07 only. Fuji, Starkrimson, Rechard Delicious and Rails showed as the best crossing parents in this studies.