黑龙江明水县耕地质量综合评价

耕地质量评价是改善农田质量状况、提高耕地生产能力的基础，是基本农田保护与高标准基本农田建设等工作科学开展的重要前提。在深入剖析耕地质量评价理论与方法的基础上，从质地、土层、气候、地貌、农田基础设施和规模等方面建立评价指标体系，运用综合指数模型、模糊聚类及GIS技术，从地块、乡、县三个尺度评价该县耕地质量及其空间分布。结果表明:自然等别中，一类地面积12 832.17 hm²，占8.89%；二类地面积111 269.06 hm²，占77.05%；三类地面积20 301.55 hm²，占14.06%。该县耕地总体质量一般，西部基本为二类地，东部主要为三类地。综合等别中，一类地面积60 794.01 hm²，占42.10%；二类地面积56 950.72 hm²，占39.44%；三类地面积60 794.01 hm²，占18.45%，一类耕地面积比例比自然质量耕地面积比例提高了33.21%，说明耕地质量提升潜力较大，农田基础设施建设对提高耕地生产能力作用显著。

Comprehensive Evaluation of Cultivated Land Quality in Mingshui County,Heilongjiang Province

The evaluation of cultivated land quality is the important basis to improve the quality of farmland and production capacity, it is also the important premise of the basic farmland protection and scientific construction of high standard basic farmland works carried out. Based on the in-depth analysis of cultivated land quality evaluation, the basis of the theory and method, and the basis of the quality of material, soil, climate, landscape, infrastructure, and scale of farmland, etc., the evaluation index system was established. The cultivated land quality and its spatial distribution were evaluated on the land unit, township and county scales using composite index, fuzzy clustering and GIS . The results show that in nature categories the first kind of cultivated land was 12 832.17 hm², accounting for 8.89%; the second kind of cultivated land area was 111 269.06 hm², accounting for 77.05%; the third kind of cultivated land area was 20 301.55 hm², accounting for 14.06%. Overall quality of cultivated land was average, it was mainly the second category in the west and the third was mainly in the east. In comprehensive categories, the first kind of cultivated land area was 60 794.01 hm², accounting for 42.10%; the second category was 56 950.72 hm², accounting for 39.44%; the third type was 60 794.01 hm², accounting for 18.45%. Comprehensive classification of the first kind of arable land proportion compared with the natural quality of cultivated land area ratio increased by 33.21%, the cultivated land quality improvement potential is greater, farmland infrastructure construction to improve the production capacity of cultivated land was significant.