南京市江北地区景观格局演变及驱动力分析

以南京市江北地区为研究对象，基于遥感及地理信息技术，利用江北地区1988年、1995年、2000年和2006年TM5数据以及2013年TM8数据，运用景观生态学原理，选取斑块数量、平均斑块面积、边缘密度、平均分维度指数、香农多样性指数、香农均匀度指数等进行分析，探讨南京市江北地区近25年景观格局演变特征及驱动力。结果表明:1988—2013年江北地区景观格局发生较大变化，城建用地、林地面积增加，耕地面积减少，其他略有波动；在人类干扰作用下，斑块聚合度与斑块结合度呈现下降趋势，多样性指数与均匀度指数呈现上升趋势，破碎化程度增加。人口增加、经济增长、工业发展及产业结构调整是南京市江北地区景观格局演变的主要驱动力。

Evolvement of Landscape Pattern and Its Driving Factors in Jiangbei District of Nanjing City

Using the data of Landsat TM5 (1988, 1995, 2000 and 2006) and Landsat TM8 (2013), the evolvement and its driving factors of landscape pattern in Jiangbei District of Nanjing City in the past 25 years were explored based on the technology of remote sensing and GIS and the theory of landscape ecology. Some indices were chosen to describe the changes of landscape pattern, such as the number of patches, the average area of patches, edge density, average dimension index, shannon diversity index, shannon evenness index and so on. The results showed that the landscape pattern in Jiangbei District changed greatly from 1988 to 2013. The woodland and construction land increased, while the farmland decreased, and the area of other types fluctuated slightly. Under the action of human disturbance, aggregation index and patch cohesion index decreased, while Shannon’s diversity index and Shannon’s evenness index increased in this area. The growth of population, economy and industry together with the adjustment of industrial structure are the main driving factors on the evolvement of landscape pattern in Jiangbei District of Nanjing City.