两类枣园昆虫群落结构的比较分析

2009年3~4月初步研究了山西农业大学枣园（记作Ⅰ）和山西省农科院果树研究所枣园（记作Ⅱ）的早春昆虫群落结构特征。结果表明：枣园?昆虫有34种，分别隶属8个目27个科，其中网目拟地甲(Opatrum subaratum Faldermann),，蒙古拟地甲(Gonocephalum mongolicum Reitter)，菱蝗科(Tettigidae)和中华广肩步甲(Calosoma maderae chinense Kirby)是群落优势种。枣园Ⅱ昆虫有55种，分别隶属6个目39个科，其中三点盲蝽(Adelphocoris taeniophorus Reuter)，隐翅甲科(Staphilinidae)和花蝽科(Anthocoridae)是群落优势种。枣园Ⅱ中，昆虫群落的丰富度、个体总数、多样性指数、均匀度均高于同时期的枣园Ⅰ，其中捕食性昆虫和寄生性昆虫的比例较高。通过聚类分析得出，两园昆虫群落的时间动态格局较相似，可分为两个阶段:发展初期，物种数和个体总数均较少;上升期，物种数和个体总数都显著增加，昆虫群落的稳定性增强。

Primary Analysis of Structure of insect Community in two kinds of jujube Orchards

A survey of insect community including phytophagous insects, predacious insects and parasitoid insects were finished in the jujube Orchards of Shanxi Agriculture University （ Ⅰ） and Shanxi Fruit Tree Institution （ Ⅱ ）. Their structure characters were analyzed by individual number, species richness, dominance, diversity and evenness. The results were showed as follows. Firstly, there were 8 orders, 27 families, 34 species in the jujube Orchards of Shanxi agriculture university （ Ⅰ ）. And there were 6 orders, 39 families, 55 species in jujube Orchards in Shanxi fruit tree institution （ Ⅱ ）. The percent of the predatory group and parasitic group in the jujube 11 was higher than the jujube Ⅰ. Secondly, the species richness, total individual number, dominance diversity and evenness of the jujube Ⅱwere higher than the same date of the jujube Ⅰ . Finally, The time dynamics of insect community in two kind of jujube orchards were analyzed by using the system cluster analysis. The results show that the whole communities of insects were divided into two phases which were transition and withdraw phase, flouring phase.