新麦草幼穗愈伤组织诱导影响因素研究

目的]探讨愈伤组织诱导取材时间、培养基筛选、激素调节及幼穗成熟度对新麦草幼穗愈伤组织诱导的影响。方法]以新麦草2个品种幼穗为外植体接种于附加不同激素的MS和N6培养基上进行愈伤组织诱导培养。结果]2种培养基诱导的愈伤组织质地无明显差异。山丹新麦草幼穗最佳诱导培养基为N6添加2,4-D2mg/L,P8401为MS添加2,4-D6mg/L。ABA添加于MS培养基可显著促进愈伤组织生长。山丹新麦草幼穗愈伤组织培养添加ABA适宜浓度为1.5mg/L,P8401为0.3mg/L。CH仅具有加速愈伤生长的效果,但对新麦草愈伤组织诱导促进作用不大。P8401新麦草1～2cm新生幼穗材料作为愈伤诱导外植体最为理想,山丹新麦草5～6cm较成熟幼穗在MS上愈伤诱导率高于幼嫩小穗。结论]2种培养基均可用于新麦草幼穗愈伤组织诱导。外植体的取材时间在组织培养中是关键因素。

Effects of Hormone and Maturity on Callus Induction of Young Spike in Psathyrostachys juncea

Objective] The research aimed to discuss the effects of the sampling time of callus induction, medium screening, hormone regulation and the maturity of young spike on the callus induction of young spikes in Psathyrostachys juncea. Method] Yong spikes in 2 varieties of P. juncea were taken as explants to inoculate on MS and N6 medium with appending different hormones and culture for callus induction. Result] The callus quality induced by 2 kinds of medium had no obvious difference. The optimum induction medium for young spike of Shandan P. juncea was N6 with adding 2 mg/L 2, 4-D and that for P8401 was MS with adding 6 mg/L 2, 4-D. Adding ABA to MS medium could significantly promote the growth of callus. The suitable concentration of adding ABA for callus culture of young spikes in Shandan P. juncea was 1.5 mg/L and that for P8401 was 0.3 mg/L. Casein hydrolysate (CH) only had the effect of acclebrating the growth of callus, but its promotion effect on the callus induction of P. juncea was little. Taking neonatal young spike materials with the length of 1～2 cm as explants for callus induction was most ideal for P. juncea P8401 and the callus induction rate of more mature young spikes on MS medium with the length of 5～6 cm was higher than young spikelets for Shandan P. juncea. Conclusion] Both of 2 media could be used for the callus induction of young spikes in P. juncea. The sampling time of explants was key factors in the process of tissue culture.