高赖氨酸玉米（Opaque－2）数量性状的遗传研究

研究了１７个高赖氨酸玉米（Ｏｐａｑｕｅ－２玉米，简称Ｏ－２玉米）的数量性状遗传，并应用三倍体模型对籽粒的主要性状遗传效应进行了研究。采用ＭｉＮＱＵＥ（１）估算方差分量以及预测遗传效应值方法分析了双列杂交试验资料，遗传估算方差结果表明，籽粒长度、宽度、厚度、百粒重、赖氨酸含量（Ｌｙｓｃｏｎｔｅｎｔ）和每粒赖氨酸含量（Ｌｙｓ／Ｇｒａ）都受母体植株基因和细胞质基因控制，另外，这些性状都容易受非遗传因素的影响。遗传效应预测值分析表明，籽粒性状上直接效应不明显，最主要效应是母体加、显性效应和细胞质效应，在某些性状上细胞质效应和母体效应方向相反，因此，在育种工作中必须考虑效应的重组，选择适当的杂交组合。在本实验所研究的性状中，只有籽粒百粒重杂种优势比较明显。

Genetic studies of quantitative traits of high lysine maize Opaque-2. Abdon M Adjalla;

Seventeen inbred lines of Opaque-2 maize (O2-Maize) ,randomly selected were used to investigate quantitative traits of high lysine content maize. The triploid model was used to analyze kernel traits. The Minirnum Norm Quadratic Unbiased Estimation(MiNQUE)procedure was used for estimating variance and predicting genetic effect of diallel cross products;The results of vari-ance component estimation showed,kernel length(LK),width(W),Thickness(T),weight,Lys.content,Lysine/Gra(Lys/Gra),are highly influenced by the maternal and cytoplasmic genes. Futher, most of these traits are also easily affected by non genetic factors. From predicted result of the genetic effect,it appears that generally direct genetic effect on kernel is insignificant.Marternal(Dominance and Additive)and cytoplasmic effect showed significant predictabylity of kernel traits.In some cases,however both maternal and cytoplasmic effects were negatively correlated.Breeding programs should take into account the combination of different genetic effects in order to enable precise selection of parent material.