张家口地区气候特征及其对玉米生产的影响

基于张家口地区近50年(1965-2014)的气温和降水等气象资料,以及近34年(1981-2014)玉米产量资料,研究了张家口地区气候变化特征,并分析了气候变化对张家口玉米生产的影响。结果表明,近50年平均气温呈上升趋势,并在1986/1987年发生突变,降水量变化表现为年际间波动性大,存在稳定的9年左右变化周期。干旱具有明显变化特征,自气温发生突变后,夏季干旱的空间范围、持续时间和干旱程度均有所增加。各县玉米产量变化与气候要素变化具有很强的相关性,其中降水是影响产量变化的主要因素,玉米产量与降水量呈正相关关系。

ClimateCharacteristics and Its Impacts on Corn Production in Zhangjiakou

Based on the meteorological data of temperature and precipitation from 1965 to 2014 and maize yield data from 1981 to 2014 in Zhangjiakou area,the characteristics of climate change in Zhangjiakou area were studied,and the impacts of climate change on maize production in Zhangjiakou area were analyzed. The results showed that the average temperature in the past 50 years had shown an upward trend,and a sudden change occurred in 1986/1987. The precipitation changes showed a large interannual fluctuation,with a stable 9-year change cycle. The results showed that the mean air temperature had increased trends in Zhangjiakou district during the last 50 years and a mutation occurred in1986/1987. The precipitation had a stable 9 years’ period,which reflected the large fluctuations of rainfall inter-decadal feature. The drought had a notable variation. Since the air temperature had changed suddenly,the spatial extent,duration and severity of summer drought had extended. The corn yields variation was significantly related to the climate change and rainfall variation was the main factor to impact the crop yield.There was a positive correlation between corn yield and precipitation.