玉米锈病最佳防治时期研究

本文采用玉米锈病田间系统调查方法和杀菌剂药效试验方法,分别在玉米小喇叭口期、大喇叭口期、开花抽丝期、籽粒形成期进行药剂处理,调查分析玉米锈病发生危害程度及其对产量的影响。结果表明,施药1次处理、施药2次处理、施药3次处理、施药4次处理、清水对照处理在玉米蜡熟期锈病的病情指数分别为28.0、23.3、22.9、17.9、31.0,发病等级分别为2.6级、2.1级、2.1级、1.6级、2.8级,产量分别为12 157.5、12 183.0、12 196.5、12 234.0、11 041.5 kg/hm2。施药1次、2次、3次、4次分别可以挽回产量10.1%、10.3%、10.5%、10.8%。玉米籽粒形成期药剂处理1次是最经济有效的化学农药防治方法,籽粒形成期是玉米锈病最佳防治时期。

Study on the Best Control Period of Corn Rust

The field systematic investigation method and fungicide efficacy test method were used to investigate the harmfulness of maize rust and the effect of Fungicides on maize yield during the small bell stage, the big bell stage, the flowering and silking stage and the grain formation stage. The results showed that the disease index of maize wax-ripening rust was 28.0, 23.3, 22.9, 17.9, 31.0, the disease grade was 2.6, 2.1, 2.1, 1.6 and 2.8 respectively, and the yield per mu was 810.5 kg, 812.2 kg, 813.1 kg, 815.6 kg and 736.1 kg, respectively. The yield could be recovered by 10.1%, 10.3%, 10.5% and 10.8% after 1, 2, 3 and 4 treatments. The test chemicals can effectively control maize rust. The most economical and effective method of chemical pesticide control is to treat once in the period of maize grain formation, which is the best period of maize rust control.